汉语“是非问句”与日语“肯否性问句”的比较  

作　　者：于康[1] 

机构地区：[1]日本广岛大学

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》1995年第2期43-49,共7页Chinese Teaching in the World

摘　　要：1.1 汉语疑问句大致分为:是非问句、特指问句、选择问句、正反问句.日语疑问句大致分为:肯否性问句、内容性问句、选择性问句.In forming Yes-no questions, the Chinese language relies mainly on the use of '?' and the 'end-of-sentence rising tone' but treats the question word 'ma' (吗) as a supportive element. At the same time, the language places a great restriction on the use of 'ma'. Besides its use as a supportive element, 'ma' can also help to convey the subjective attitude of the message sender as well as the relationship between the message sender and the receiver. However, in 'negative questions' of the Japanese language, '' can be used in all types of questions and has a strong grammatical function. In forming 'negative questions' it has the same importance as the 'end-of-sentence rising tone'. There are certain conditions that decide whether '' or 'end-of-sentence rising tone' should be applied. Besides, '' can help to express a sense sincerity in a sentence. In the 'negative sentences' that end with '' or '' , the '?' and the 'end-of-sentence rising tone' decide the grammatical correctness of the sentences concerned. In the 'negative questions' ending with '' or' ', they play the important role of deciding whether the questions concerned 'require confirmation'.

关 键 词：是非问句 日语 言语主体 汉语教学 疑问句式 句子 日本人 要求确认 选择性问句 语调 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]