论“语结”在语际转换程序中的表征——兼论翻译活动的“科学性”  

On the Functional Representation of “Nexus” in Interlingual Transformation with an exploration of the scientificality of translation

作　　者：曾利沙[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学国际经贸学院,广州510420

出　　处：《现代外语》2001年第1期67-77,共11页Modern Foreign Languages

摘　　要：本文试图运用“语结”这一表征工具系统探讨英汉互译过程中译者对特定范畴内典型单位的心理表征和操作理据,以从一个侧面揭示翻译活动“科学性”的本质特征。文章认为,翻译活动“科学性”的本质特征在于各种潜在的学科理论知识在语际转换过程中的互动作用,是一种运用带有公理性质的概念系统进行的操作程序,而研究翻译活动“科学性”的目的就是要用科学的方法论对翻译活动过程作出抽象的概括和系统的描写,其任务一是研究语际转换过程中具有参照性质的形式转换规则,从理论上建立一种双语形式转换的描写功能规范;二是探讨双语转换规律,从应用角度研究翻译思维活动形式以及语言符号的语义-功能换码行为模式。The present paper was motivated by the controversy over theoretic issues about the essential features of translation. With the aim to clarify the essential features of the scientificality of translating manipulation, the present paper, by applying the semantic concept of 搉exus?as a means of functional representation, makes efforts to reveal systematically the translator抯 manipulating motivations and mental representation in the processes of interlingual transformation between English and Chinese, particularly seen in non-literary texts and typical manipulating units. The author argues that the essential features of the scientificality of translation lies in the fact that translating manipulation is a process in which various potential theoretic knowledge of relative disciplines interact, and that translation can be a manipulating process in which established concepts are applied and traceable procedures can be identified for justifying the meaning choices, rearrangements of sentence structure or modifications of the version. In the paper, the concept of 搉exus? which signifies cognitively the kernel of a semantic structure in the form of language, is used to stand for the smallest semantic structure, the kernel of a thought unit. By using the means of 搉exus? the paper focuses its discussion on typical thought units of utterances or texts in both English and Chinese languages, in which the default values of a thought unit can be identified and labeled in terms of the semantic roles of a nexus. It is of great value to label the default values of an utterance in interlingual transformation that mentally exist in stead of appearing in the surface-structure of an utterance, for it helps to reveal, with theoretic justifications, the essence of translation by demonstrating the mental processes of meaning choices, rearrangements of sentence structure or modifications of the version. Moreover, the identification of the default values involves linguistic knowledge, encyclopedic knowledge and thematic knowledge. In

关 键 词：“语结” 语际转换 翻译理论 释意理论 文化内涵 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]