相干增强各向异性扩散滤波技术  

Coherent-enhancing anisotropic diffusion filtering technique.

作　　者：孙夕平[1] 杜世通[2] 汤磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中石油勘探开发研究院 [2]石油大学地球资源与信息学院

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2004年第6期651-655,665,共6页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

摘　　要：相干增强各向异性扩散滤波是一项尺度空间图像恢复技术。本文讨论了相干增强各向异性扩散的一般滤波结构 ,基于 Weickert等提出的扩散张量概念 ,考察了用有限差分法求解演变方程显式方法的优劣 ,指出具有最优旋转不变性的各向异性扩散滤波步骤为 :1用模板的最优导数滤波计算构造张量 ;2由构造张量组合扩散张量 ;3用最优化滤波计算演变方程的右端项 ;4用最优化导数滤波计算演变方程的左端项 ;5按显式方式进行随后的运算。在研究中 ,通过对算法的改进 ,使其具有了保持边缘的特性。将该技术应用于地震数据 ,一方面可以去除噪声 ,提高资料的信噪比 ,改善资料品质 ;另一方面可以增强反射同相轴的连续性 ,对于低信噪比资料的解释非常有用。应用实例表明 ,滤波后明显改善了资料品质 ,突出了地层接触关系 ,增强了地震数据对层序体内部结构的成像能力。Coherent-enhancing anisotropic diffusion filte- ring is an imaging restoring technique in scale space.The paper discussed the general filtering structure of coherent-enhancing anisotropic diffusion,examined the advantages and disadvantages using finite-difference method for solving the explicit evolution equation based on the conception of diffusion tensors presented by Mr.Weichert et al and pointed out the steps of anisotropic diffusion filtering characterized by optimum rotation invariability are follows:①using optimum derivative filtering of template to compute structural tensors;②composing diffusion tensors by structural tensors;③using optimum filtering to compute the right item of evolution equation;④using optimum derivative filtering to compute the left item of evolution equation;⑤implementing following computation by explicit mode.In a process of study,the character of preserving edges is preserved by improvement of algorithm.Using the technique for seismic data processing,on the one hand,it can eliminate noise,increase signal-to-noise ratio and improve data quality;and on the other hand,it can also enhance continuity of reflection events,which is useful for interpretation of low S/N ratio data.Applied real cases showed that the data quality has been greatly improved after filtering processing,highlighting contacting relation between layers and enhancing imaging ability of internal structures of sequence body by seismic data.

关 键 词：地震数据 同相轴 滤波技术 层序 接触关系 资料 地层 方程 导数 成像能力 

分 类 号：TE319[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] G633[文化科学—教育学]