2岁儿童延迟性自我控制及家庭因素的相关研究  

A Correlational Research on Delaying Self-control of 2-year-olds and Their Family Factors

作　　者：陈会昌[1] 阴军莉[1] 张宏学[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理科学》2005年第2期285-289,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：研究考察2岁儿童延迟性自我控制行为的发展水平及其家庭影响因素。对86名1 7.5到2 8.5个月的儿童在画笔和食物为诱惑物的两种延迟满足情境中的行为进行实验室录像观察。同时以问卷法了解其父母教养行为、婚姻质量及亲子关系等家庭因素。结果显示:(1 ) 2岁儿童已经具有延迟性自我控制行为,且存在性别差异。(2 )家庭教养态度,尤其是母亲的教养态度对儿童自我控制行为有显著预测作用;(3)母亲所体验到的家庭生活的和谐程度能显著地预测儿童延迟性自我控制行为;(4)在控制了性别、婚姻质量及家庭教养态度后,亲子关系的作用不显著。This study examined both the developmental level of del aying self-cont rol of 2-year-olds and its family factors. 86 2-year-olds children participa ted in the observation of two situations in the laboratory. All children's parents com plete d three questionnaires including the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, the Child-Rearing Prac tice Report and the parent-child relationship Scale. Our findings show that: (1 ) 2-y ear-olds have acquired delaying self-control behaviors. There is difference be tween girls and boys.(2) The child-rearing practice, especially mothers' practi c e, predicted children's delaying self-control behaviors significantly. (3) The mother 's feelings about her family's harmoniousness predicted children's delaying self -control behaviors significantly.(4) The parent-child relationship did not pr ed ict children's delaying self-control behaviors significantly after factors including gender, marriage quality and child-rearing attitude were under control.

关 键 词：家庭因素 儿童 延迟 相关研究 自我控制行为 教养态度 亲子关系 婚姻质量 影响因素 发展水平 教养行为 性别差异 预测作用 家庭生活 实验室 问卷法 母亲 和谐 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]