氮、磷、钾对不同筋型小麦产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium on Quality and Yield of Wheat of Different Gluten Types

作　　者：熊瑛[1] 李友军[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学国家小麦工程研究中心,河南郑州450002 [2]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第3期58-61,共4页Journal of Henan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家"十五"重大科技攻关资助项目(2001BA507A02)

摘　　要：在大田条件下研究了氮、磷、钾对小麦产量和品质的影响,结果表明:施磷肥增加了强筋小麦与弱筋小麦的穗数、千粒重和产量,施氮肥则降低了籽粒的硬度,提高了籽粒的面筋含量。施氮肥对两种筋型小麦的吸水率、形成时间和弱化度及拉伸面积和延展性呈正效应,施磷对粉质仪参数影响很小,施钾对弱筋小麦的粉质仪参数呈负效应,而对强筋小麦呈正效应。对于淀粉糊化特性,增施氮、磷、钾对弱筋小麦呈正效应,且施氮效应最大;增施氮、磷、钾增加了强筋小麦的稀懈值,而对其余淀粉糊化特性指标呈负效应,施氮影响最大。In order to understand the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on quality and yield of wheat with different gluten type, two cultivars including strong and weak gluten wheat were cultivated in the field condition.The result indicated that phosphorus had increased the spike number, 1000 grain weight and yield of strong and weak gluten wheat. Nitrogen had decreased kernel hardness and increased wet gluten content of strong and weak gluten wheat. Nitrogen had positive influence on water absorption, development time, degree of softening, extensibility of strong and weak gluten wheat. As to the rheological parameters, potassium had negative influence on weak gluten wheat while it had positive influence on strong gluten wheat. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium had positive influence on weak gluten wheat on flour gelatinization characteristics, but they had negative influence on strong gluten wheat except breakdown value, and the effects of nitrogen were strongest.

关 键 词：产量和品质 弱筋小麦 强筋小麦 淀粉糊化特性 正效应 大田条件 面筋含量 形成时间 参数影响 施氮效应 特性指标 施氮肥 粉质仪 负效应 千粒重 吸水率 延展性 籽粒 穗数 施磷 施钾 

分 类 号：S642.206[农业科学—蔬菜学] S512.1[农业科学—园艺学]