小麦品种品质性状变异及优质基因的鉴定  

Variations of Quality Traits and Identification of High Quality Gene in Wheat Varieties

作　　者：黄兴峰[1] 马传喜[1] 司红起[1] 赵海军[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2005年第3期267-272,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30270825);国家863计划项目(2003AA211030;2003AA207080)资助。

摘　　要：分析了50个小麦品种的蛋白质含量、SDS沉降值、碱性水保持力和膨胀势等品质性状的变异,分别用PCR特异扩增和SDS-PAGE对1Dx5、1Dy10亚基基因和糯质基因进行了检测。筛选出一批高蛋白、强面筋的小麦品种,如MW18、安农9043、安农91168和安农9267,都含有1D5+10亚基基因。筛选出碱性水保持力和蛋白质含量都较低的小麦品种Tincurrin、皖麦48和Caldwell,推荐作为软质小麦育种的亲本使用。鉴定出小麦品种扬97-65和川96003缺Wx-B1,#445缺Wx-A1。试验表明,高分子量麦谷蛋白5+10亚基基因在现有小麦品种中已有较高的比例,而糯质蛋白基因缺失型品种尚少见。Fifty wheat varieties were tested to determine the variation in grain protein content, SDS sedimentation volume, alkaline water retention capacity (AWRC) and swelling power. Their 1Dx5 and 1Dy10 gene coding for molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunit were distinguished by PCR analysis and waxy proteins were fractionated by SDS-PAGE. The results showed that the protein content and SDS sedimentation volume MW18, Annong9043, Annong91168 and Annong9267 were high all of them contained 1D_(5+10) subunit genes of glutenin. Tincurrin, Wanmai 48 and Caldwell were low in AWRC and protein content. Wheat varieties Yang 97-65 and Chuan 96003 were found with Wx-B1 null,and #445 with Wx-A1 null. These wheat varieties were recommended as cross breeding parents for quality improvement in Chinese wheat. The research reveals that HMW glutenin subunits have a relative high frequent in Chinese wheat varieties,however, the number of varieties with Wx gene null is still few.

关 键 词：性状变异 品种品质 鉴定 SDS-PAGE 高分子量麦谷蛋白 5+10亚基 小麦品种 蛋白质含量 优质 SDS沉降值 品质性状 特异扩增 小麦育种 基因缺失 保持力 碱性水 膨胀势 PCR 高蛋白 筛选 面筋 亲本 

分 类 号：S512.103.5[农业科学—作物学] S512.1