阅读障碍儿童语音提取  

THE PHONETIC RETRIEVAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DYSLEXIC CHILDREN

作　　者：刘翔平[1] 丁玎[1] 杨双[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2005年第3期169-172,204,共5页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学"十五"规划01JBXLX004项目的资助。

摘　　要：儿童在提取短时记忆系统的语音信息时,往往会造成部分信息的丢失和回忆量的下降,这种信息丢失量的多少与中央执行系统功能有着密切的联系。为了考察阅读障碍儿童的语音提取特点,挖掘他们记忆失败的本质,使用自由回忆和再认两种任务,考察阅读障碍儿童在无意义音节和汉语词汇上的提取特点,结果发现:(1)阅读障碍儿童在语音提取时,丢失的信息率要显著多于正常儿童,这种丢失可能是由于他们落后的中央执行功能所致;(2)阅读障碍儿童单纯的语音保持能力正常,但不擅长利用语义编码来促进短时记忆效果,而正常儿童却能够较好地利用语义线索。In the processing of information retrieving from short-term memory, dyslexic children lose some information and recall less information, because the quantity of recalling information is influenced by deficits of central executive system. This experiment designed two tasks： recalling no-sense syllable and Chinese glossary to find out the characteristics of phonetic retrieving in dyslexic children. The results are as followings： （1） In the tasks of phonetic retrieving, the dyslexic children lost more information than the normal children because of their deficits in central executive system. （2） In the tasks of keeping no-sense phonetic information, dyslexic children performed as well as the normal children. In the processing of retrieving phonetic information, dyslexic children had a lower ability to utilize semantic clue to help to memory than the normal children did.

关 键 词：阅读障碍 语音提取 中央执行功能 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]