马克思在异化问题上思想转变的实质——评张奎良与俞吾金的争论  

The Essentiality of Marx's Conversion on the Problem of Alienation——Debates between Zhang Kuiliang and Yu wujin

作　　者：宋朝龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学社会发展研究所,北京100871

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2005年第5期74-76,89,共4页Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中的异化概念既指矛盾对立关系,又指先验本质的外化。作为矛盾对立关系的异化,成熟时期的马克思沿用了它;作为先验本质外化的异化,其逻辑功用是借助黑格尔倒立着的发展观来摆脱理论困境的表现,成熟时期的马克思抛弃了它。马克思异化理论的前后差别在于扬弃异化关系的道路不同:早期是借用先验本质外化的逻辑,成熟时期是从生产方式的变革来论证异化的扬弃;认为马克思早期对异化进行的是“道德评价,”而成熟时期对异化进行的是“历史评价,”这种说法有失偏颇。The notion of alienation in Karl Marx＇s Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 refers to a contradictory relation and the externalization of transcendental essence. Marx at a mature stage used alienation as a term indicating a contradictory relation. Alienation as a term indicating the externalization of transcendental essence, whose logical function is to break away from the theoretical crisis with the help of Hegelian reversed outlook, is abandoned by Marx at a mature stage. Marx＇s conversion with regard to the concept of alienation lies in his realization of the full capacity of the term. A young Marx emphasizes the logic of the externalization of transcendental essence, while a mature Marx reexamines alienation from the perspective of the revolution of production mode. The view that in relation to alienation a morality evaluation applies to a young Marx and a history evaluation applies to a mature Marx remains contestable.

关 键 词：异化 道德评价 历史评价 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]