“来着”补论  

Complementary Discussion on Chinese Particle “Laizhe”

作　　者：陈前瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学对外汉语研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《汉语学习》2006年第1期22-27,共6页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(项目编号:03CYY003)的资助

摘　　要：文章通过分析《清文启蒙》中“来着”的五种特殊用例,认为北京话“来着”的用法可能源于满语过去时的某些用法,是一个指称事件发生在过去并对现时语境有影响的标记,即完成体(perfect)标记。“来着”的语气用法是其时体用法进一步语法化的结果,从历时角度可以更好地解释“来着”与其他体标记配用的事实。By analyzing the special usages of ＂laizhe＂ in a Manchu-Chinese textbook named Qingwen Qimeng, the author considers ＂laizhe＂ as a perfect marker which is deeply influenced by several Manchu forms of past tense co-indicating some aspectual meanings. As a perfect marker, ＂laizhe＂ certainly refers to past time, and its modal usage is the result of a general process of grammaticalization from aspectual or temporal markers to modal markers. The relation of ＂laizhe＂ with other aspectual markers can be well explained from a diachronic perspective.

关 键 词：“来着” 完成体 过去时 满语 语言接触 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]