意外地点任务中不同测试问题及意图理解与执行功能的关系  

Relations between Different Test Questions of Unexpected Transfer Task,Understanding of Intention and Executive Function

作　　者：廖渝[1,3] 吴睿明[1,3] Philip David Zelazo 李红[1,3] 张婷[1,3] 张莉[1,3] 高山[1] 李小晶[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学院,重庆市基础心理学重点实验室,中-加联合儿童心理研究中心,重庆400715 [2]Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont. , Canada M5 S 3G3 [3]Sino-Canada Research Center of Child Development, Chongqing, China 400715

出　　处：《心理学报》2006年第2期207-215,共9页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目"情绪调节机制对儿童环境适应与创新的影响"(项目批准号:KSCX2-SW-221)子课题"儿童情绪与认知过程的交互作用";西南师范大学国家级重点学科重大项目(西国重04019)的部分工作

摘　　要：旨在讨论意外地点任务中“知否问题”与“预测问题”可能存在的差异及两者与执行功能任务的关系，并初步探讨意图理解与执行功能问的关系。用意外地点任务、膝跳反射任务和两个执行功能的任务（DCCS和手部游戏）对59名3～5岁的儿童施测。结果显示：（1）儿童在意外地点任务的“知否问题”上的表现显著好于“预测问题”，儿童对“知否问题”和“预测问题”的回答可能反映了心理理论发展的不同阶段。（2）膝跳反射任务，DCCS任务与“知否问题”三者问有显著的相关，且其高相关在排除年龄及语言能力的影响后仍保持显著。“双表征区分结构”可能是三者间共同的成分。This study aimed to discuss the possible difference between ＂knowing/not knowing question＂ and ＂predict question ＂ of unexpected transfer task and the relations between these two questions and executive function tasks. Also we test the relation between the ability to understand intentional action and executive function tasks. The unexpected transfer task, the knee-jerk reflex task and two executive function tasks （Dimensional Change Card Sorting Test and hand game） were given to 59 children aged 3, 4 and 5 years old. The results showed that children＇s performance on ＂ knowing/not knowing question＂ was significantly better than on ＂predict question ＂. These two questions may reflect children＇s different developmental level of TOM. The relationship between DCCS task, the knee-jerk reflex task and the ＂knowing/not knowing question＂ are so strong even after age and verbal intelligence are partialled out. We supposed that they need a common ability that is to form different representations for different approximate objects. We call this differentiated representations about two approximate objects as dual differentiated representations.

关 键 词：心理理论 执行功能 意图 双表征区分结构 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]