应用题相似性和图式归纳对解题迁移的影响  

EFFECTS OF APPLIED PROBLEM SIMILARITY AND SCHEMAINDUCTION ON PROBLEM SOLVING TRANSFER

作　　者：姜子云[1] 邓铸[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教科院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《内蒙古师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2006年第4期94-97,共4页Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：全国教育科学"十五"规划项目(EBAO030404)成果;江苏省哲社研究基金(04JYB010)资助

摘　　要：研究采用问题解决作业单和认知作业分析法考察了71名高中生解决学科问题时的图式归纳和迁移情况。结果表明:(1)在问题结构相同的情况下,增加问题表面相似性能促进问题解决迁移;(2)近类比条件有助于同一学科领域问题的迁移,而远类比条件可能更有助于跨学科领域问题的迁移;(3)近类比条件下,图式归纳水平对学科问题迁移的影响不大,远类比条件下,较高的图式归纳水平有助于学科问题解决的迁移。After the authors examined the schema induction and transfer conditions of 71 senior middle school students solving academic problems by employing problem solving homework assignment papers and by means of cognitive homework assignment analysis approach, the result shows that （ 1 ） increasing problem superficial similarity can promote problem solving transfer under the conditions of the similar problem structure ; （2） close analogical condition can help the problem transfer of the same academic field, while distant analogical condition may further promote the problem transfer of transdiscipline fields ; （ 3 ） under the close analogical conditions, the level of schema induction has little effect on the discipline problem transfer; under the distant analogical conditions, the higher level of schema induction help the discipline problem solving transfer.

关 键 词：类比迁移 源问题 靶问题 图式归纳 

分 类 号：B842.9[哲学宗教—基础心理学]