环境整体主义的生态学基础  

Ecological Basis for Environmental Holism

作　　者：雷毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学人文社会科学学院,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2006年第4期132-137,共6页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金资助项目(04BZX064)

摘　　要：20世纪生态学的发展为人们理解自然提供了一种新的认识范式。生态学关于种间关系、群落演替、生态系统及其营养动力学的研究揭示出自然界的整体性、多样性和物种之间的相互依存关系,由此展示了一幅与传统机械论自然观迥然不同的自然图景。正是依据这样一幅图景,环境整体主义(如大地伦理、深层生态学)完成了世界观和方法论由生态学向形而上学的转换,并在此基础上建构起了与人类中心主义相对立的整体主义的价值理论和环境伦理。Ecological development in the 20th century provides a new paradigm for understanding nature. Studies on interspecific relationship, community succession, eco-system and its nutritional dynamics show that the integrity, diversity, and species in ecosystems are interdependent and reveal an image which is quite different from modern orthodox world-view. Based on this holistic image, environmental holism（land ethic and deep ecology） has realized the shift from ecology to metaphysics in terms of worldview and methodology and reconstructed the holistic value theories and environmental ethics, which are opposite to anthropocentrism.

关 键 词：生态学 整体性 相互依存 环境整体主义 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]