道学的无鬼神论:以朱熹为中心的研究  

An Investigation on the Conception of Ghost and Spirit of Neo-Confucianism:Centering on Chu Hsi’s Sayings

作　　者：方旭东[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学文学院

出　　处：《哲学研究》2006年第8期32-36,共5页Philosophical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(04CZX008)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：This paper investigates the essence of the conception of ghost and spirit (gui-shen) of Neo-Confucianism centering on Chu Hsi’s sayings. Neo-Confucianism holds that the topic of ghost and spirit is not the most important but belongs to so-called “the second-order”. On the one hand, Neo-Confucianism refuses such ghost and spirit as the secular says. On the other hand, it believes there is the principle (li) of ghost and spirit. That is to say: Neo-Confucianism regards ghost and spirit as one kind of speculations (li) instead of a concrete thing (wu, shi). According to Neo-Confucianism, the topic of ghost and spirit should not be discussed from a view of existence. It is mainly meaningful to the ethical practice. These points just form the characteristics of the conception of ghost and spirit of Neo-Confucianism. As to the motive, such conception is held to differentiate the Buddhist and secular beliefs in the existence of ghost and spirit, and to emphasize Confucian stand.This paper investigates the essence of the conception of ghost and spirit (gui-shen) of Neo-Confucianism centering on Chu Hsi’s sayings. Neo-Confucianism holds that the topic of ghost and spirit is not the most important but belongs to so-called “the second-order”. On the one hand, Neo-Confucianism refuses such ghost and spirit as the secular says. On the other hand, it believes there is the principle (li) of ghost and spirit. That is to say: Neo-Confucianism regards ghost and spirit as one kind of speculations (li) instead of a concrete thing (wu, shi). According to Neo-Confucianism, the topic of ghost and spirit should not be discussed from a view of existence. It is mainly meaningful to the ethical practice. These points just form the characteristics of the conception of ghost and spirit of Neo-Confucianism. As to the motive, such conception is held to differentiate the Buddhist and secular beliefs in the existence of ghost and spirit, and to emphasize Confucian stand.

关 键 词：鬼神观 道学 朱熹 中国学术界 《近思录》 西方传教士 跨文化交流 “异端” 宗教观 道体 

分 类 号：B222.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]