影响啤酒酵母传代培养的关键因素初探  

Effect Factors on Cultivating Saccharomyces cerevisiae

作　　者：王玲[1] 蒲万霞[1] 常惠芸[2] 华兰英[1] 索朗斯珠[3] 胡振英[1] 魏小娟[1] 孟晓琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃兰州730050 [2]中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所,甘肃兰州730046 [3]西藏农牧学院畜牧兽医系,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2006年第11期96-98,共3页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：啤酒酵母主要生长在偏酸性、含糖较丰富的环境中,在其传代培养过程中会有一部分酵母死亡,甚至产生自溶。传代培养过程中不可能完全防止酵母细胞的自溶,只能控制酵母细胞自溶的限度。通过观察不同pH、装液量、酵母浸膏浓度、葡萄糖浓度、麦芽汁、紫外线照射、温度因素对啤酒酵母传代培养的影响,确定酵母菌的最佳培养方式及各影响因素的最佳值。优化后的啤酒酵母传代培养条件为:pH为5.0,温度为30℃,接种量为100 mL/L,葡萄糖浓度50 g/L,酵母浸膏浓度2.0 g/L,装液量以小于60%为宜,以增加摇瓶内的溶氧量。此外,增加摇床转速也可提高摇瓶的通气量,以40 r/min较为理想。转接酵母前,过滤去除麦芽汁培养基中析出的冷凝固物。传代培养过程中应避免紫外线辐射,以减少酵母细胞衰老、死亡及自溶的概率。Saccharomyces cerevisiae mainly grows in favor of acidity condition and needs more plentiful glucose. In the cultivating process,the yeast would die or even autolyse. The autolysis phenomenon can not be avoided in this process, we can only control the autolysis degree. This research focused on the important factors related to cultivating yeast, that are pH, capacity of liquid medium, concentration of yeast extract and glucose, wort,temperature and ultraviolet radiation. And then to make sure the optimal cultivating condition for Saccharomyces cerevisiae as following： the cultivating pH is 5, the optimal temperature is 30℃, the inoculate capacity is 100 mL/L, concentration of glucose is 50 g/L, concentration of yeast extract is 2.0 g/L, capacity of liquid medium less than 60% of cultivating flask in order to gain more dissolved oxygen. Furthermore, increasing the rotating speed of pulsator could also add dlssolved oxygen, 40 r/min is optimal. Filtering the condensation substance from wort was needed before cultivating Saccharomyces cerewisiae. In the cultivating process,infections with other bacteria and ultraviolet radiation should be avoided to reduce the probability of decrepitude, death and autolysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae .

关 键 词：啤酒酵母 传代培养 自溶 发酵 

分 类 号：Q949.3[生物学—植物学] S852.66[农业科学—基础兽医学]