广州地区人群食源性寄生虫感染现状与防治对策  

Foodborne Parasitic Infection in Guangzhou Area-Prevention and Treatment Strategies

作　　者：张玉莲[1] 冯月菊[1] 何洁仪[1] 刘小宁[1] 区继军[1] 邓小冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心,广州510080

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2006年第12期1282-1284,共3页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解和掌握广州地区部分可生吃蔬菜及淡水鱼类食品中寄生虫虫卵污染情况和市民食源性寄生虫感染状况,以探讨食品污染和食源性寄生虫感染的相关危险因素,为制定防治策略和进一步提高食品卫生和食品安全提供依据。方法采用流行病学、现场流行病学的询问调查和现场采样方式,以清水沉淀法、盐水漂浮法和改良加藤氏厚涂片法、消化法等方法检验寄生虫虫卵及华支睾吸虫囊蚴。结果2004年检测8种共365份可生吃的蔬菜寄生虫及虫卵检出率为21.37%(钩虫卵检出率15.34%,钩蚴检出率11.23%,蛔虫卵检出率4.93%等);饮食业制作可生食蔬菜两种不同清洗方式半成品寄生虫及虫卵检出率为10.40%(浸洗的检出率为28.95%,冲洗的检出率为3.77%)。2006年检测25家餐饮业60份售卖的淡水鱼、虾的华支睾吸虫囊蚴检出率为9.84%(鲩鱼感染率占13.33%,虾感染率占6.67%);1998～2003年一般人群蠕虫感染率为15.21%,其中华支睾吸虫感染率为6.95%;2005年部分职业人群华支睾吸虫感染率为12.46%,远高于全国感染率(0.40%)。结论广州地区可生吃蔬菜和淡水鱼受到肠道线虫及华支睾吸虫(囊蚴)等寄生虫虫卵污染,人群华支睾吸虫感染率较高,应加强食品卫生宣教工作,改变人们不良的饮食习惯,采取有效的综合防治措施,以确保提供更安全的食品。Objective To determine the extent of parasite egg contamination in some of the vegetables and freshwater fishes, and the extent of foodbome parasitic infection in individuals living in the Guangzhou area. To explore the risk factors related to food contamination and foodbome parasitic infection, and to provide evidence for the formulation of prevention and treatment strategies so as to further improve food hygiene and safety. Method Inquiry and on-the-spot sampling were carried out. Plain water precipitation, eggs floating technique, Kato- Katz thick smear and digestion methods were employed to test for parasitic eggs and Clonorchis sinensis metacercaria. Result In 2004, 365 vegetables of 8 different types for raw consumption were tested. 21.37% were positive for parasites and parasite eggs（ 15.34% were positive for hookworm eggs, 11.23% were positive for hookworm larvae, and 4.93% were positive for lumbricus eggs）. 10.4% of the semi-processed vegetables prepared by the food industry was positive for parasite and parasite eggs （28.95% of the vegetables were positive after cleaning by soaking, 3.77% were positive after cleaning by washing）. In 2006, 60 samples of freshwater fishes and shrimps for raw consumption from 25 food industries were examined. 9.84% were positive for Clonorchis sinensis metacercaria （The positive rate of Ctenopharyngodon idellus in fish meat and shrimps was 13.33% and 6.67%, respectively）. Between 1998 and 2003, helminth infection rate in the general population was 15.21%, of which Clonorchis sinensis infection rate was 6.95%. In 2005, C.sinensis infection rate in some occupational groups was 12.46%. The level of infection is higher than the national level （0.40%）. Conclusion The vegetables and freshwater fishes for raw consumption in Guangzhou area were contaminated by parasite eggs （nematode and C.sinensis）. Human C.sinensis infection rate was high. Education on food hygiene should be strengthened to change unhealthy dietary habits. Effective and comprehensive preventi

关 键 词：食源性寄生虫感染 危险因素 流行病学 

分 类 号：R53[医药卫生—内科学]