基于运行模态参数辨识的客车运行平稳性研究  

Research of Riding Stability of Passenger Cars Based on Operational Modal Parameter Identification

作　　者：张洪[1] 周劲松[1] 任利惠[1] 杨国桢[1] 沈钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学沪西校区铁道与城市轨道交通研究院

出　　处：《铁道学报》2007年第1期31-35,共5页Journal of the China Railway Society

摘　　要：针对装用SW—160型转向架提速客车低频晃动的问题,笔者在线实测了该型客车车体及转向架振动加速度,并运用随机子空间辨识算法对车体的刚体振动模态进行了辨识。辨识结果表明,车体的下心、上心滚摆和摇头振型的阻尼比偏低,车体下心滚摆被激起后,不能有效衰减,这是造成车体低频晃动的重要原因之一。采用新的SYS550E空气弹簧及将二系横向减振器的阻尼系数提高至60 kN.s/m后,重新进行了测试分析。分析结果表明,采用新型空气弹簧及提高二系横向减振器的阻尼系数后,车体的下心滚摆频率有所下降,而其阻尼比得到明显提高。通过功率谱分析可知,车体的低频振动得到有效抑制。Low frequency vibration of vehicles installed with SW160 bogies causes passengers feel sick and uncomfortable. To solve this problem, accelerations of carbodies and bogies of the vehicles are measured, and vehicle modal parameters are identified with the stochastic subspace identification method. The results show that the damping ratios of the upper and lower center roll ＆ sway and tieting head vibration of carbodies are rather low. It is one of the main reasons to cause low frequency vibration to carbodies when the low center roll sway are excited and cannot be effectively suppressed. After installing new air springs and secondary lateral dampers each with the damping coefficient of 60 kN ~ s/m, the vehicles are tested again. The results of operational modal analysis show the damping ratios of the upper and lower center roll ＆ sway are increased evidently, and the frequencies are decreased accordingly. Analysis of the power spectra of accelerations of the carbody floor shows that the low frequency vibration is effectively attenuated.

关 键 词：铁道车辆 工作模态 环境激励 随机子空间 运行平稳性 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]