汉语作为第二语言“被”字句习得的考察  

The L2 acquisiton of the Chinese Bèi-construction

作　　者：黄月圆[1] 杨素英[1] 高立群[2] 张旺熹[2] 崔希亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]香港九龙塘香港浸会大学语文中心 [2]北京语言大学教授

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2007年第2期76-90,共15页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：香港研究资助局(RGC)的拨款支持(项目编号:HKBU2006/00H)

摘　　要：此研究考察了母语为英语的留学生习得汉语“被”字句的情况。汉语和英语属于不同的语言类型，二者被动范畴的差异明显。汉语“被”字句的关键是要满足终结性的要求，英语被动句不受这样的限制。本文通过自然作文语料和专题测试语料考察习得者产出和理解汉语“被”字句的能力，探讨制约“被”字句习得的因素。本文发现：1）习得者对终结性情状有强烈的意识，反映出他们在习得“被”字句的过程中受终结优先普遍倾向的制约。2）他们也受母语迁移的影响。3）掌握汉语的定界成分是习得的难点。This paper reports our study of acquisition of the bèi-construction by English speakers.The Chinese passive bèi-construction is subject to a strict semantic restriction: the predicate must be telic. English passive requires no such constraint. We analyzed both production data and comprehension data and found that 1) English speakers had a strong sensitivity to the telic-atelic distinction, which could be explained as a developmental tendency in language acquisition by the Aspect Hypothesis; 2) L1 English has certain effect. Some most frequently used verbs in English passive are used wrongly in the production data;and 3) the learners had difficulty in selection of proper delimiting elements to their bèi-sentences. The findings have direct implications for the improvement of teaching the bèi-structure.

关 键 词：“被”字句 二语习得 情状类型 终结性 定界成分 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]