中国居民膳食有机锡污染水平和摄入量  

Study on the contamination level and intake of organotins of Chinese dietary

作　　者：赵孔祥[1] 赵云峰[1] 吴永宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2007年第6期453-457,共5页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：科技部科学仪器设备升级改造专项资助项目(JG-2003-45);国家"十五"重大科技专项食品安全关键技术资助项目(2001BA804A19与2002BA804A45)

摘　　要：目的获得我国居民膳食有机锡污染的基础数据,为开展有机锡风险分析提供初步的暴露评估结果。方法采用建立的气相色谱一脉冲火焰光度检测器方法测定了2000年中国总膳食研究的4个大区12类48份混合样品,根据样品中有机锡总量和丁基锡含量以及食物消费量,计算获得我国居民膳食有机锡的暴露量,并对部分典型的阳性样品进行污染溯源分析。结果 12类48份混合样品中,水果、糖、酒类未检出有机锡,其他类食物样品仅是个别检出。南方一区多个样品中检出二甲基锡,含量为1.5～4.1 μg/kg,南方一区水产品检出丁基锡,其中三丁基锡0.9μg/kg,二丁基锡1.1μg/kg,一丁基锡1.4μg/kg。我国居民膳食三丁基锡的暴露下限和暴露上限分别为0.003μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)与0.006 μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),分别占 WHO 推荐三丁基锡每日允许摄入量(ADI)的2.5%和5.0%;丁基锡暴露下限和暴露上限分别0.004μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)与0.019μg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),占 WHO 推荐三丁基锡 ADI 的3.5%和15.8%。南方一区水产样品的溯源分析显示,福建省和上海市水产样品为有机锡污染的主要来源,带鱼和小黄鱼为有机锡污染较为严重的样品,上海市水产样品检出含量较高的二甲基锡。结论我国居民有机锡膳食暴露水平较低,有机锡污染来源有待于进一步研究。Objective To obtain the baseline data of organotins＇ pollution of Chinese meal in order to carry on primary danger analysis of the exposure. Methods The samples of the third Chinese total diet study were determined by gas-chromatography pulsed flame photometric detector to estimate dietary intake of organotins. The dietary intake of organotins was estimated according to the contamination level of organotins and food consumption. Results Only several kinds of organotin were founded in several foods and no organotins was found in fruit, sugar and alcoholic beverages. Dimethyltin （DMT） were detected in some samples from Southern 1 area, the content ranged froml. 5μg/kg to 4. 1 μg/kg, butyltin compounds existed in seafoods from Southern 1 area, the contents of tributyltin （TBT）, dibutyhin（DBT） and monobutyltin （MTB） being 0. 9μg/kg, 1.1μg/kg, 1.4 μg/kg respectively. The lower limit and upper limit of exposure to tributyltin were from 0. 003 μg·kg^-1· d^-1 to 0. 006 μg · kg^-1 ·d-1 and from 0. 004μg · kg^-1· d^-1 to 0. 019 μg·kg^-1·d^- 1 respectively. Comparing to ADI of tributyltin （WHO）, the Chinese dietary intake of tributyhin only accounted for 2. 5% and that of butyltins only accounted for 3.5% . To identify the contamination source of organotins in Southern 1 area, the individual samples of aquatic food from individual province were analyzed, revealing that Fujian province and Shanghai City were the main contributors of organotins pollution in this area. The belt fish and yellow croaker were typical pollution samples. Higher levels of DMT were detected in seafood samples from Shanghai. Conclusion The exposure level of Chinese dietary was relative low, however the sources of organotin pollution needs further investigation.

关 键 词：膳食 有机锡化合物 色谱法 气相 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]