喉癌下咽癌患者一级亲属染色体对致突变物的敏感性观察  

Evidence for a major role of genetic factors in the etiology of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal Carcinomas

作　　者：李安太[1] 杨瑞芳[1] 王明毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东医科大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉科

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志》1997年第3期145-147,共3页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

摘　　要：为探讨遗传因素与喉癌下咽癌的关系，检测了几组不同人群淋巴细胞染色体对致突变物诱发畸变的敏感性，结果：喉癌组、下咽癌组及对照组每细胞染色单体断裂率（ｂ／ｃ值）分别为０．６１±０．２７，０．６６±０．３１和０．２８±０．１２。喉癌和下咽癌的一级亲属组（亲属组）的ｂ／ｃ值为０．４５±０．２６。把健康一级亲属的喉癌、下咽癌患者从喉癌组和下咽癌组中抽出另列为患者组，其ｂ／ｃ值为０．５９±０．２９。亲属组与患者组比较ｂ／ｃ值差别无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），但明显高于健康对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１），明显低于喉癌组和下咽癌组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果显示喉癌和下咽癌患者及其健康一级亲属对致突变物敏感性均高于健康人，因此喉癌下咽癌患者的一级亲属应列为患癌高风险人群，注意预防癌肿的发生。Several investigations revealed that lymphocytes from patients with head and neck cancers showed a high sensitivity to mutagens. However, whether lymphocytes from healthy blood relatives of the patients were sensitive to mutagen or not had not been reported. This study was aimed to investigate the unknown problem. Mutagen sensitivity was investigated in 116 laryngeal and 38 hypopharyngeal cancer patients, 107 healthy controls, and 30 blood relatives of laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer patients. Chromosome damage was measured by enumerating mutagen induced chromatid breaks. the average number of chromatid breaks per cell (b/c value) was used as marker which reflects variable host susceptibility to the action of environmental carcinogens. The b/c values were 0.61± 0.27, 0.66±0.31, 0.28±0.12, and 0.45 ± 0. 26 for patients with laryngeal cancer, hypopharyngeal cancer, healthy controls, and blood relatives respectively. A significant difference of b/c value was found between patients and controls ( P <0.01), but not between patients and their blood relatives (P>0.05). Our findings suggest that genetic predisposition plays an important role in the eitiology of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. Both patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancers and their blood relatives should be considered as in high cancer risk.

关 键 词：喉肿瘤 下咽肿瘤 染色体异常 致突变物 

分 类 号：R739.650.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]