4～7岁儿童空间认知和推理能力的测试研究  

Study of the Test of Children’s Spatial Cognition and Reasoning Ability

作　　者：田中[1] 戴洪萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏常熟理工学院,江苏常熟215500

出　　处：《数学教育学报》2007年第4期35-41,共7页Journal of Mathematics Education

摘　　要：4-7岁儿童对空间图形的正确认识总体上处于较好水平．对图形和空间认知成绩的快速提高期出现在5岁半～5岁11个月（学龄前），对点数、推理能力的认知成绩的快速提高期出现在7岁～7岁5个月（初入学）．与自然因素、基因遗传相比，人与环境间的互动作用，是儿童发展的主要的和根本的原因．我们既不能忽视自然成熟的因素，又须重视教育的重要影响．Based on a figure, this study had been conducted to explore the graphic and spatial cognition, counting and reasoning ability of 1 872 children ranging from 4 to 7-year old by meant of large sample test and sampling interview, from the data statistics resulting from the above study two noticeable characteristics in terms of cognitive ability in their fast growth period could be concluded： the first one exists from 5-year and 6-month to 5-year and ll-month （pre-schooling）, and the second one existed from 7-year to 7-year and 5-month. Comparing the different correctness ratio of answering the questions of the urban and the rural children and combining the statistical data and sampling interviews, this paper was to explore some issues related to children＇s ability development on quantitative and graphic cognition and the direct reasoning, and to prove that most pre-schooling children had abilities of spatial cognition and some even had the direct reasoning abilities, which showed that children＇s natural maturity cannon be ignored and the full attention must be paid to important influence of education.

关 键 词：儿童 空间认知 推理能力 测试统计 抽样访谈 

分 类 号：G620[文化科学—教育学]