青少年摔跤、柔道与散打运动员身体素质特点  

Physical quality characteristics of adolescent wrestling,Judo and Sanshou athletes

作　　者：崔玉鹏[1] 张凡[2] 季刚[2] 赵明华[1] 刘晓琳[1] 杨俊卿[2] 顾芳[2] 肖志民[3] 顾永军[3] 苏鸿涛[3] 王守恒[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院生理生化教研室,北京100088 [2]首都体育学院科研处,北京100088 [3]首都体育学院竞技体育学校,北京100088

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2007年第6期96-99,共4页Journal of Shandong Sport University

基　　金：北京市教委资助项目(项目编号:KZ200310029016)部分内容

摘　　要：以首都体育学院竞技体育学校青少年摔跤、柔道与散打36名运动员为研究对象,探究青少年摔跤、柔道与散打运动员身体素质特点。在运动员集训开始期与集训中期,分别检测运动员身高和体重以及背力、手握力、平衡能力、纵跳、反应时、侧步移动与柔韧等身体素质指标。结果发现,男青少年摔跤和柔道运动员的背力、手握力和纵跳相对女青少年摔跤和柔道运动员的背力、手握力和纵跳较高(P<0.05),但是女运动员的平衡能力比男运动员的平衡能力显著强(P<0.05);男女柔道运动员手握力相对男女摔跤和散打运动员的手握力较高;青少年摔跤、柔道与散打项目间运动员的背力、纵跳、侧步移动、平衡能力与柔韧方面差异不大。由此可见,青少年柔道运动员手握力较青少年摔跤和散打运动员的手握力大可能是其特点。青少年摔跤、柔道与散打运动员在力量和平衡能力方面存在明显的性别差异,但是在反应时、侧步运动和柔韧能力方面无显著的差异。36 adolescent wrestling, judo and Sanshou athletes from the Capital Institute of Physical Education were selected as subjects, 22 males, averaged 17.3± 1.0 yr, 14 females, averaged 16.6±0.6 yr. Such physical qualities as back strength, hand grip, balance capability, vertical jump, reaction time, latempulsion movement and flexibility as well as height and bodywe!ght were measured. Results found that the back strength, hand grip, and vertical jump of male adolescent judo and wrestling athletes were significantly higher than those of female judo and wrestling athletes （p 〈 0.05）. But the balance capability of female athletes was better than that of male athletes significantly （p 〈 0.05）. The hand grip of male and female judo athletes was higher than that of male and female wrestling and Sanshou athletes. There were no significant difference of back strength, vertical jump, latempulsion move, balance capability and flexibility of athletes among judo, wrestling and Sanshou. In conclusion, the higher hand grip might to be a characteristic of adolescent judo athletes compared with wrestling and Sanshou athletes. There was evident gender difference in the aspect of strength and balance capability among adolescent judo, wrestling and Sanshou athletes, but there were no significant difference when it came to reaction time, latempulsion movement and flexibility.

关 键 词：青少年 摔跤 柔道 散打 运动员 身体素质 

分 类 号：G808.14[文化科学—体育训练]