基于GNSS的虚拟应答器研究  

Research of Virtual Balise Based on GNSS

作　　者：张雅静[1] 王剑[1] 蔡伯根[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电子信息工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道学报》2008年第1期104-108,共5页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家科学自然基金重点项目(60332020)

摘　　要：Galileo系统的加入使全球导航定位系统GNSS的可靠性、安全性进一步加强。应答器是ETCS中采用的主要定位设备,但设备成本和维护费用较高是其主要不足。基于GNSS的虚拟应答器可以减少实际应答器在铁路上的铺设,明显减低设备成本和维护费用,并且可以准确的提供列车连续定位信息,增加系统定位的准确性。本文根据我国列车定位发展的需要,提出采用GNSS实现虚拟应答器(Virtual Balise)用于列车定位;文章重点介绍了虚拟应答器的概念、组成和软件系统的实现,采用全球卫星导航定位技术和地图匹配技术,应用专用铁路电子地图和一定的算法设计,通过车载系统软件处理来实现查询应答器功能;软件经青藏线数据测试,能准确捕获前方虚拟应答器信息实现虚拟应答器用于列车定位功能。The joining of the Galileo system to the Globe Navigation Satellites System makes GNSS more reliable and safe. Eurobalises are mainly used in ETCS as spot transmission devices for location referencing, but they have the disadvantage of comparatively high equipment cost and maintenance expenditure. Virtual balises can reduce the number of actual balises used along the railway, thus greatly reducing the equipment cost and maintenance expenditure of the locating system. Virtual balises can also provide continuous locating information and enharlce the locating accuracy of the system. In view of the train locating development in China, the paper proposes to adopt GNSS and virtual balises to realize train locating. The concept, components and software realization of the virtual balise are introduced. By utilizing the GNSS and map matching technology,and the specialized railway electric maps and arithmetic design, the balise functions are realized through processing of on-board software. The Tibet Railway data measurement proves that virtual balise information ahead can be successfully captured to realize the locating function.

关 键 词：铁路 虚拟应答器 GNSS 列车定位 地图匹配 

分 类 号：U284.76[交通运输工程—交通信息工程及控制]