儿童视觉加工能力与其语音意识的相关性  

The Relationship between Children's Visual Skills and Phonological Awareness

作　　者：李荣宝[1] 陈素梅[1] 毛浩然[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学外国语学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2008年第3期162-170,共9页Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(项目编号:03BYY006);教育部人文社科项目(项目编号:03JD740004);福建省社科"十五"规划项目(项目编号:SK10-079)的共同资助

摘　　要：本研究通过考察儿童对无意义简单图形、汉语生字和英语生词的视觉辨别记忆能力,探讨视觉加工对儿童语音意识发展的可能作用,并通过方言-普通话双语儿童(简称方言被试)和普通话单语儿童(简称普通话被试)的对比,进一步探讨方言被试和普通话被试在语音意识维度上的差异是否会在视觉记忆能力中反映出来。结果显示,方言语音经验并不影响与汉字学习有关的视觉记忆能力;但不同刺激类型的视觉记忆能力和语音意识的相关性随着年级的变化而变化。回归分析显示,在二年级时,图形和汉字的视觉记忆能力能够预测儿童的语音意识水平,而到了四年级和六年级,英语生词的视觉记忆能力是语音意识的唯一预测变量。由于汉语拼音和英语在形态上的一致性,结合系列研究的其他结论,本实验结果显示:汉语拼音的学习和巩固,使语音的形式化成为可能,而语音的形式化易化了语音加工过程,这个易化过程反映为语音意识测量成绩的提高。Whereas most studies show keen interest in Pinyin learning and its possible contribution to phonological awareness, this study tries to explore why and how Pinyin enables children to perform better in phonological awareness tasks. Visual discrimination of graphs, Chinese characters and English words by 213 children from Grade 2, 4 and 6 were analyzed in their prediction to phonological awareness as well as their possible difference by dialects. The results found no significant effect of dialect in visual discrimination tasks, but showed that graphs and characters discrimination could predict changes in phonological awareness of Grade 2, while English word discrimination turned out to be the only predictor for phonological awareness performance of Grade 4 and 6. To explain the results, phonetic formalization, a process that stores phoneme by images like letters, was suggested because of the same scripts Chinese Pinyin adopts with English.

关 键 词：语音意识 表征 语音形式化 

分 类 号：H01[语言文字—语言学]