散文学习过程中的自我解释及其对散文理解的影响  

A Research on Self-Explaining in the Process of Prose Study

作　　者：杨心德[1] 翁世华[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学教师教育学院,宁波315211

出　　处：《心理科学》2008年第4期818-822,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：散文学习中的自我解释是指学习者在散文学习过程中向其自身做出解释,力图以此理解散文所含各种信息的活动。本研究以大学非中文系45名学生学生为被试,通过实验组与控制组的对比研究,结果发现,在本研究条件下,第一,散文学习过程中的自我解释包括"是什么"的自我解释、"怎么样"的自我解释和"为什么"的自我解释等三种类型。第二,自我解释对散文的阅读理解具有明显的促进作用。第三,自我解释促进散文学习的原因,既可能是认知缺口填补的,也可能是心理模型修正的。第四,对自我解释提供的反馈有助于提高自我解释的准确性。Self-explaining emerged in 1989 as a new domain in the field of educational psychology. Our study is an experiment of self- explaining on prose study. The results show that First, under the resarch condition mentioned, in the prose studying process, there exist self-explaining activities, whether compelled or made aware by the prose＇s content; Second, self-explaining demonstrates obvious improvements in prose reading and understanding; Third, self-explaining＇s effect on prose study is possibly caused by the reader filling his or her cognitive gap or adjusting his or her psychological model; Fourth, serf-explaining methods can be [earned and taught, and like other learning methods, may transfer; Fifth, feedback during the self-explaining process helps and enhances the accuracy and effect of self-explaining.

关 键 词：自我解释 散文理解 问题解决 推理 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]