近地卫星利用光学敏感器的自主导航方法  

Autonomous Navigation for the Near-Earth Satellite Using the Optical Sensors

作　　者：杜耀珂 彭仁军 

机构地区：[1]上海航天控制工程研究所,上海200233

出　　处：《空间控制技术与应用》2008年第4期55-59,共5页Aerospace Control and Application

摘　　要：基于光学敏感器的卫星自主导航技术是利用红外地球敏感器(IRES)和星敏感器(ST)等姿态测量部件提供的测量信息,通过计算含有轨道信息的星光角距和地球视半径角,修正由轨道动力学模型递推得到的轨道参数。通过系统状态模型和观测模型的离散化和线性化,得到扩展卡尔曼滤波算法的递推关系,并在此基础上进行数学仿真。仿真结果表明,该方法的收敛速度和收敛精度都比较好。由于该方法不需要增加额外的星载敏感器,因此具有很好的应用前景。In this paper, a method of autonomous navigation for satellites based upon optical sensors＇ information is presented. This method makes good use of the attitude information acquired by the infrared earth sensor （ IRES ） and star tracker （ST） to calculate the star＇s angular distance and earth apparent radius angle, then the orbit elements deduced from orbit dynamics are corrected, so it is not needed to add other sensors to the satellite for the autonomous navigation purpose. An extended Kalman filtering （EKF） is used in the correcting process. After the system＇s state model and observation model are discretized and linearized, the EKF algorithm for the simplified model is deduced. Simulation results show that the convergence and accuracy of this method are very good. As no other sensors are needed for this method, the navigation method is potential for future use.

关 键 词：自主导航 扩展卡尔曼滤波 星敏感器 姿态敏感器 

分 类 号：V448.22[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]