烤烟营养状况与香吃味关系的研究及施肥建议  

Relationship of nutrition status with smoking quality of fluecured tobacco and balanced fertilization in Lichuan City

作　　者：胡国松[1] 彭传新[1] 杨林波 魏巍 张光辉[1] 陈明辉 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,武汉烟草(集团)公司,湖北省利川市烟叶公司

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》1997年第4期23-29,共7页Chinese Tobacco Science

摘　　要：本文利用植物化学分析、评吸和数学统计分析对利川烤烟营养状况进行了评价。结果表明：在利川目前生产条件下，烟叶总氮含量偏低，磷含量过高，利川烤烟大部分烟样不缺镁，２１％的烟样铜含量低于１０×１０－６，部分烟样硼不足。烟叶还原糖含量较适宜，但烟碱含量太低，导致氮碱比和糖碱比严重失调，其主要原因与氮和铜含量过低，磷和铁含量过高有关。评吸总分与烟碱含量呈极显著正相关，与氮和钾呈正相关，与磷含量呈负相关。评吸总分还与铜、镁、硫和锰含量呈正相关，与铁、硼和锌呈负相关，其中与铁含量呈极显著负相关。通径分析结果表明：营养元素对香吃味影响的相对大小分别为磷＞铁＞氮＞硼＞钙＞锌＞钾＞铜＞镁＞锰＞硫，其中氮、钙、锌、钾、铜和锰对香吃味的影响为正效应，磷、铁、硼、镁和硫为负效应。建议利川适当增施氮和铜，减少磷的施用，稍许增加或保持钾的用量不变，采取措施（例如适量施用石灰等）降低烤烟对铁的吸收。hemical analysis,smoking analysis and statistics were used to evaluate the nutrition status of fluecured tobacco of Lichuan City and the results showed that in current fertilization and management conditions,the N content of Lichuan tobacco leaf was a little lower,P content was too high.27.7% tobacco samples was deficiency of Mg,21% tobacco samples was short of Cu,some samples are short of B.Reducing sugar content was very good,but too low nicotine content resulted in the disorder of N/Nicotine ratio and Sugar/Nicotine ratio.The main reasons of the disorder were too low N and Cu contents and too high P and Fe contents.Smoking quality of tobacco leaf was very significantly positively correlated with nicotine content,positively correlated with N,K,Cu,Mg,S and Mn,very significantly negatively correlated with Fe content,and negatively with B and Zn.Path analysis showed that the effect of nutrients on smoking quality decreased in the order of P>Fe>N>B>Ca>Zn>K>Cu>Mg>Mn>S,among which increasing N,Cu,Ca,K,Mn,and Zn content improved smoking quality,and increasing P,Fe,B,Mg,and S content decreased smoking quality.It was suggested to increase the application amount of N and Cu,decreasing P application amount,and taking measures such as applying lime to reduce the uptake of Fe by fluecured tobacco.

关 键 词：烤烟 营养 香吃味 施肥 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]