高速列车车头曲面气动噪声的数值预测  

Numerical prediction of aerodynamic noise radiated from high speed train head surface

作　　者：肖友刚[1] 康志成[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]井冈山大学工学院,江西吉安343009

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第6期1267-1272,共6页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(07JJ3098);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2005038227);山东省博士后科研项目专项经费资助项目(200601014)

摘　　要：利用映射法生成高速列车头部流场的六面体贴体网格。采用三维大涡模拟法(LES)计算高速列车流线型头部的瞬态外流场,利用Lighthill-Curle声学比拟理论预测高速列车头部诱发的气动噪声。研究结果表明:气动噪声在很宽的频带内存在,是一种宽频噪声;在低频时,声压幅值较大,随着频率升高,幅值下降;当来流速度一定时,距离气动噪声源越远,总声压级越低,但总声压级的衰减幅度减少;随着列车运行速度增加,诱发的噪声加大,但距离车头曲面越远,总声压级的增幅越小;同一噪声源在不同受声点引起的噪声频谱曲线基本相似,控制列车运行过程中产生的脉动压力,能够减少气动噪声。Body-fitted hexahedron grid was obtained of high speed train head surface based on mapping approach. Large eddy simulation （LES） was applied to calculate the transient external flow field, and Lighthill-Curle acoustic theory was used to calculate the aerodynamic noises caused by streamlined train head. The results show that aerodynamic noises exist in very wide frequency band, and it is a kind of wide frequency noise. For low frequency components, sound pressure is greater. As frequency goes up, sound pressure reduces. When the train velocity is certain, the farther away from the aerodynamic noise source, the lower the total sound pressure level, but the attenuation degree of the total sound pressure decreases. When the train velocity enhances, the noise increases. But the farther away from sound sources, the less the total sound pressure increases. The frequency spectra of noise of different sound receiver caused by the same noise source are similar, and aerodynamic noise can be reduced by controlling the fluctuation pressure caused by the running train.

关 键 词：高速列车 车头曲面 脉动压力 气动噪声 Lighthill—Curle声学理论 

分 类 号：U270.16[机械工程—车辆工程]