辐板型式和轮轨接触点位置对车轮声辐射特性的影响  

Effects of web shape and contact position on sound radiation characteristic of railway wheel

作　　者：方锐[1] 肖新标[1] 金学松[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2009年第1期112-117,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：全国百篇优秀博士学位论文作者专项基金项目(200248);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2007CB714702)

摘　　要：为了分析不同车轮辐板型式和轮轨接触点位置对车轮声辐射特性的影响,建立了车轮有限元-边界元混合振动声辐射模型。首先,根据车轮实际拓扑结构建立三维实体有限元模型,采用分块Lanzos法求解结构的特征值问题,然后采用模态叠加法计算车轮结构在法向单位力激励下的动态响应,将车轮外表面的速度处理成声学边界元的输入,计算车轮的辐射噪声。数值计算中,考虑了S型、直型和波浪型三种辐板型式和轮缘、名义滚动圆处和车轮外侧三个轮轨接触点位置。结果表明,辐板型式和轮轨接触点位置对车轮声辐射具有较明显的影响。而且,不同辐板型式车轮在不同轮轨接触点位置下的声辐射特性也不尽相同。数值分析可以为低噪声车轮的选型提供一定的参考。In order to investigate effect of wheel web shape and contact position on sound radiation characteristic of a railway wheel,a hybrid FEM-BEM vibro-acoustic model was developed.A 3D solid finite element model(FEM) was developed.In the FEM model,the eigenfrequencies and modal shapes of the wheel were calculated by using a 'Block Landzos' method.The frequency responses of the wheel due to a normal unite force excitation were determined using modal superposition method. The dynamic response was used as a velocity boundary condition in the acoustic boundary element model(BEM) for noise radiation analysis.In the numerical simulation,three types of web shapes(s-type,straight-type,and corrugated-type) and three contact positions(flange contact,nominal contact,and field side contact) were considered.The numerical results indicated that the web shape and contact position have a significant effect on the sound radiation of the wheel;the sound radiations from different web shapes of the wheel are different for the same contact position.The investigation can help to optimize design of low-noise railway wheels.

关 键 词：轮轨噪声 声辐射 铁路车轮 辐板型式 接触位置 

分 类 号：U211[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U46[机械工程—车辆工程]