城市养老机构老年人群营养及健康状况调查分析  

Survey on nutrional status and health of the old people in two urban homes for the old

作　　者：衣学梅[1] 马爱国[1] 梁惠[1] 孙永叶[1] 李勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学医学院营养研究所,山东青岛66021

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2009年第2期167-169,共3页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：目的了解养老机构老年人营养及健康状况,分析其营养摄入与身体健康状况的关系。方法对青岛市两所养老机构116名老人进行体重、身高等体格测量,并采集5ml空腹静脉血测定血糖、血脂、血红蛋白水平,同时进行24h回顾性膳食调查。结果养老机构老人消瘦、贫血发生率分别为5.4%和13.2%,且男性贫血发生率(20%)高于女性(7.8%)(χ2=3.649,P<0.001),超重、高血压、高血糖、血脂异常发生率分别为45.9%、61.8%、19.0%和36.2%。老年人体质指数各组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各年龄组间血脂水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);老年人蛋白质摄入充足,三大营养素供能比合理,且三餐热能比为4∶4∶2;铁摄入充足。结论养老机构老年人血脂异常发生率较高,老年人膳食结构比较合理,可以通过进一步改善膳食结构来调节老年人的健康状况。Objective To investigate the nutrition intake and health status of the elderly in old people＇s homes and analyze the relationship between them. Methods Venous blood in the empty stomach state was drawn and blood lipid and hemoglobin were tested. In addition, the body height and weight were measured. The 24 hour dietary intake recall method was used to analyze the nutrition intake state of old people. The data were analyzed by SPSS 11.5. Results The incidence rate of athrepsy and anaemia were 5.4 % and 13.2 %, and the overweight, hypertension, hyperglyeaemia and hyperlipemia were 45.9 % , 61.8 %, 19.0 % and 36.2 %. The BMI of the old decreased with age without significant difference （P 〉 0.05）. The daily average intake of protein, fat and carbohydrate was similar to the RNI. The energy percentage of three meals was 4 ： 4 ： 2. Conclusions The incidence rate of hyperlipemia is high. It is a dangerous＇module which affects the health of the old. Thus, the diet for the old should be improved for their health.

关 键 词：老年人 膳食 营养状况 

分 类 号：R153.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]