心理契约对护士离职意愿的影响研究  

Influence of Psychological Contract on Turnover Intention of Nursing Staff

作　　者：陈芙蓉[1] 阎成美[2] 李妮[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波天一职业技术学院护理学院内外科教研室,浙江宁波315100 [2]中国人民解放军南京军区福州总医院护理部

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2009年第11期1-4,共4页

基　　金：南京军区福州总医院院内立项课题(200548)

摘　　要：目的探讨护士心理契约对护士离职意愿的影响。方法采用便利抽样和随机整群抽样结合的方法对华东、华南、华中等地14所医院402名护士使用自制护士心理契约问卷及离职意愿量表进行调查。结果护士感知到的自身现实责任未履行程度最低,为(1.38±0.45)分;医院团队责任未履行程度最高,达(2.91±0.82)分,其次是医院现实责任[(2.82±0.81)分]。护士离职意愿总分偏高[(2.98±0.52)分]。护士心理契约与离职意愿的相关系数为0.348～0.522(均P<0.01)。医院责任和护士责任分别共同解释离职意愿变量的20.3%和27.5%。离职意愿显著影响护士责任各维度(均P<0.01)。结论护士知觉到的心理契约不符合水平越高,离职意愿越高;医院团队责任,护士团队责任与发展责任不符合水平对护士的离职意愿有良好的预测作用,且护士责任与离职意愿互为因果关系。Objective To study the influence of psychological contract on turnover intention of nursing staff. Methods A self-designed psychological contract questionnaire and a well-developed turnover scale were used to investigate 402 nurses who came from 14 different hospitals in the central, eastern and southern area of China through convenience sampling and random cluster sampling. Results The extent of unfulfilled realistic obligations of nurses perceived by themselves was the lowest, with the score being （1.38±0.45）. The extent of unfulfilled team obligations of hospital perceived by the nurses was the highest, with the score being （2.91±0.82）, followed by the extent of unfulfilled realistic obligations of hospital, which scored （2.82±0.81）. Nurses had strong inten- tion to turnover, with the score being （2.98±0.52）. Significant correlation was found between psychological contract and nurses＇ intention to turnover （r=0. 348±0. 522 ,P〈0.01 for all）. The obligations of hospital and nurses accounted for 20.3% and 27.5%of turnover intention covariance respectively. Nurses＇ turnover intention significantly affects all dimensions of nurses＇ obligation. Conclusion The larger the gap between psychological contract perceived by nurses and what it should be, the stronger intention to turnover they have. Team＇s obligation of hospital, developmental and team＇s obligation of nurses have good prediction about their turnover intention. And the relation between nurses＇ obligation and their turnover intention could be reciprocally causative.

关 键 词：护士 心理契约 医院责任 护士责任 现实责任 发展责任 团队责任 离职意愿 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] C931.3[医药卫生—临床医学]