母语习得的脑神经机制研究及对外语教学的启示  

Modern Foreign Language Education in the Light of Brain Mechanisms of Language Acquisition

作　　者：程冰[1] 张旸[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学外语学院,陕西西安710049 [2]美国明尼苏达大学,55455

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2009年第3期98-104,共7页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(60103022);教育部"十五"规划项目(FIB011311);西安交通大学2008年校长科研基金(SK0803)

摘　　要：通过对国际上最新的神经语言学有关婴儿习得母语时对语言特征的感知、计算能力和大脑的可塑性等脑科学研究的分析,认为其从多个层面揭示了语言学习的本质是先天大脑神经机制与后天语言环境的互动过程;进而从语言学习的物质基础和学习环境两个方面对比了母语学习与外语学习过程的差异,提出在外语教学中宜早对儿童进行正确引导,从而在神经层面上量化语言学习规律,并为学生创造符合语言学习规律的语言应用环境。Research in recent years has revealed detailed aspects of language acquisition, in particular, how the human brain detects linguistic patterns early in infancy, how infants exploit statistical properties from the language input, and how neural plasticity is associated with learning at different ages. Language learning, in essence, is realized in the dynamic interaction of innate neural mechanisms in the brain and postnatal experience of the linguistic environment. Both factors are indispensable and mutually influential in the process. In this paper, current frontier findings are introduced with an emphasis on comparing and contrasting first and second language acquisition. A new perspective is proposed to help quantify and understand the intrinsic neural properties of the learning process in the brain. Implications for guiding and optimizing modem foreign language education are discussed with respect to the relationship between language and mind, the neural constraints of second language learners, and most importandy, the establishment of a brain-science-based environmental infrastructure that is conducive to second language acquisition.

关 键 词：外语教学 语言学习 脑神经系统 母语化 

分 类 号：G42[文化科学—课程与教学论]