履带车辆筒式减振器活塞杆断裂原因仿真分析  

Simulation Analysis for Fracture Causes of Piston Rod in Barrel Type Vibration Absorber on Crawler Vehicles

作　　者：马伟标[1] 王红岩[1] 王良曦[1] 

机构地区：[1]装甲兵工程学院机械工程系

出　　处：《工程机械》2009年第8期74-77,共4页Construction Machinery and Equipment

摘　　要：某新型履带车辆在使用一定的摩托小时后,出现了筒式减振器活塞杆断裂故障。为分析故障原因,运用多刚体系统动力学理论建立了该型筒式减振器的动力学模型。减振器模型通过球铰与履带车辆整车模型连接,与实际工况更加接近。根据减振器工作情况确定几种可能的故障原因并分别进行了仿真,利用刚体应力恢复技术获得活塞杆的应力状态。仿真结果分析表明,筒式减振器与平衡肘铰接点存在较大摩擦力或支座中心偏离减振器轴线是造成活塞杆断裂的主要原因。在这两种工况下,活塞杆承受较大的弯曲载荷,且活塞杆杆体出现严重的应力集中,易造成活塞杆疲劳断裂。活塞杆断面微观形貌特征证明了该故障分析方法的可行性和所得结论的可信性。该方法能够快速分析机械系统的故障机理并进行故障再现,为机械系统故障机理分析提供了一个新的技术手段。After some motor hours of a new type crawler vehicle, fracture failure of piston rod in its barrel type vibration absorber occurs. In order to analyze failure causes, dynamic model of the barrel type vibration absorber is set up with multi-rigid-body dynamic theory. The vibration absorber model is connected with the basic vehicle model through ball joint, which is closer to actual condition. On the basis of work conditions of the vibration absorber, several possible failure causes are found out and simulation is conducted. Stress state of the piston rod is obtained with rigid body stress recovering technology. The simulation result analysis shows that main causes resulting the piston rod fracture are higher friction between the barrel type vibration absorber and balancing elbow or deflection of support seat center from the vibration absorber axis. Under these two conditions, the piston rod bears higher bending load and severe stress concentration occurs on the rod, which tends to induce fatigue fracture. Micro-appearance features of the rod fracture section verified the feasibility of the failure analysis way and the creditability of its conclusion. With the method, failure mechanism of a mechanical system can be rapidly analyzed and the failure can be reproduced, which is a new technical measure to analyze failure mechanisms for mechanical systems.

关 键 词：履带车辆 筒式减振器 活塞杆 故障分析 

分 类 号：U469.694[机械工程—车辆工程] U472.4[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]