不同饵料饲养的褐牙鲆肌肉营养成分的比较  

Comparison of biochemical components in muscles of Paralichthys olivaceus fed with different diets

作　　者：高露姣[1] 楼宝[2,3] 毛国民[2,3] 史会来[2,3] 骆季安[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [2]浙江海洋学院海洋与渔业研究所,舟山316100 [3]浙江省海洋水产研究所,舟山316100

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2009年第3期293-299,共7页Marine Fisheries

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD43B05);浙江省重大科技专项(2008C12011);浙江省科技计划项目(2007C22042);浙江省科研院所研究开发专项项目(2006F120002;2007F10006);浙江省海洋开发管理项目(07-05);中央级公益性科研院所基本业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所2008M12);浙江省院所专项(2007F10006)

摘　　要：比较分析了分别投喂小杂鱼和人工饲料的两组褐牙鲆肌肉营养成分,旨在为褐牙鲆的营养需求研究及其饲料研制提供参考。结果显示:摄食小杂鱼组的水分含量显著低于摄食人工饲料组(P<0.05),而粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量显著高于摄食人工饲料组(P<0.05),粗灰分含量在两组间差异不显著(P>0.05);两组褐牙鲆的氨基酸组成基本一致,均含有18种氨基酸,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)分别为71.15和70.47,其构成比例符合FAO/WHO的标准。摄食小杂鱼组褐牙鲆中检测到11种饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、6种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和9种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA);摄食人工饲料组中检测到11种SFA、7种MUFA和9种PUFA。摄食小杂鱼组的∑ω3PUFA[(30.39±2.29)%]显著低于摄食人工饲料组[(34.40±3.32)%](P<0.05),其中小杂鱼组的EPA+DHA的总量为(29.27±2.33)%,显著低于摄食人工饲料组的(33.47±3.36)%(P<0.05);摄食小杂鱼组的∑ω6PUFA为(6.01±0.31)%,显著高于摄食人工饲料组的(5.06±0.37)%(P<0.05)。综合来看,两组褐牙鲆均含有丰富的各种营养成分,摄食小杂鱼组的粗蛋白、粗脂肪和氨基酸营养较好,而摄食人工饲料组的多不饱和脂肪酸营养较好,两者各有优势。This paper compared nutritional components in the muscles of two groups of Paralichthys olivaceus fed on artificial diet （ group Ⅰ ） and fresh fish （ group Ⅱ） respectively. The results showed that the content of moisture of group I was significantly lower than that of group Ⅱ while the latter＇ s content of crude protein and crude lipid were significantly higher （ P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no significant difference in the content of crude ash between the two groups （P 〉 0.05 ）. The component of amino acids was similar between the two groups （ P 〉 0. 05）. The component of the essential amino acids （ EAA ） meets the standard of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations （FAO）/ Word Health Organization （WHO）. Based on the nutrition evaluation of amino acids score （AAS） and chemical score （ CS）, the limited amino acids of these two groups were （Met ＋ Cys）. The essential amino acids index （EAAI） was also similar between the two groups （P 〉 0. 05 ） , i.e. 71.15 for the group fed on fresh fish and 70.47 for the group fed on artificial diet, respectively. There were 11 kinds of saturated fatty acids （ SFA）, 6 kinds of mono-unsaturated fatty acids （MUFA） and 9 kinds of poly unsaturated fatty acids （PUFA） in group Ⅰ, while 11 kinds of SFA, 7 kinds of MUFA and 9 kinds of PUFA were found in group Ⅱ. There were significant differences between group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ in co3PUFA and co6PUFA （P 〈0.05）. The proportions of ω3PUFA andω6PUFA were （30.39±2.29）% and 6.01±0.31% in groupⅠ and （34.40 ±3.32）% and （5.06 ±0.37）% in group Ⅱ, respectively. It was observed that the proportion of EPA ＆ DHA in group I was lower than that of group Ⅱ , that was （29.27 ± 2.33% ） in group I and （ 33.47 ± 3.36 ） % in group Ⅱ （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The present study indicated that both groups contained abundant amino acids and fatty acids, but the fish fed on fresh fish had higher nutritional components in crude prote

关 键 词：褐牙鲆 饵料 肌肉 营养成分 

分 类 号：R151.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]