幼儿前提反事实推理的发展特点和影响因素  

Development of Young Children's Antecedent Counterfactual Reasoning and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：王晶[1] 肖兴荣[1] 陈英和[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2009年第4期8-14,36,共8页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：全国教育科学规划国家重点项目(ABA050001);国家自然科学基金项目(30770729);北京市哲学社会科学十一五规划项目(06BaJY010);北京市教育科学十一五规划课题(ACA08017)

摘　　要：本研究选取90名3～5岁幼儿为被试，采用图片故事法和口语报告法测查幼儿前提反事实推理的发展特点以及结果性质和领域知识的影响。结果表明：（1）幼儿前提反事实推断数量随年龄而增多；（2）幼儿产生的减法式反事实推断数显著多于加法式，但上行和下行反事实推断数之间的差异不显著；（3）对反事实推断的影响因素方面，结果性质主效应不显著，领域知识主效应显著，两者存在交互作用，当控制语言能力后交互作用不显著。This study was conducted to explore the development of antecedent counterfactual reasoning of young children from 3 to 5 years of age and the influencing effect of outcome valence and domain knowledge. Verbal protocol and storytelling were used to test 90 participants. The results showed as follows： （1） age had a significant effect on young children＇s antecedent counterfactual reasoning （2） young children generated more additive counterfactuals than subtractive counterfactuals, but no significant difference between upward and downward counterfactuals. （3） outcome valence had no direct effect hut domain knowledge had a significant effect on young children＇s antecedent counterfactual reasoning, and the interaction was also significant; however, the interaction disappeared when language was controlled.

关 键 词：前提反事实推理 领域知识 幼儿 

分 类 号：B844.1[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]