四川省优秀体操运动员膳食状况调查  

INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE OUTSTANDING GYMNAST IN SICHUAN

作　　者：林媛[1] 吕晓华[2] 刘艳[3] 袁野[2] 杨松涛[3] 

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学医院,成都610051 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院 [3]四川大学华西附属第四医院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2010年第2期241-244,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：四川省科研院所科技成果转化资金项目

摘　　要：[目的]调查四川省体操运动员的膳食情况,了解体操运动员营养状况,为制定体操运动员的合理膳食提供科学依据。[方法]选取四川省运动技术学院24名(15名男运动员,9名女运动员)四川省优秀体操运动员作为本次研究对象,采用编制食物频率问卷了解运动员的"经常性"膳食摄入量,称重法结合24h食物回顾法了解运动员加餐和零食的摄入情况,分析饮食行为与体重控制之间的关系。[结果]运动员各餐能量分配不合理,早餐能量摄入比尤其低,而运动员的3大营养素摄入量供能百分比中蛋白质偏高,脂肪偏低。男运动员的维生素和微量元素摄入大多数达到推荐标准,而女运动员的维生素和微量元素摄入均未达到推荐标准。男运动员的体脂含量与能量、脂肪和维生素A摄入量呈正相关(r=0.7328,P﹤0.05),女运动员的体脂含量与能量和维生素C摄入量呈正相关(r=0.6847,P﹤0.05)。[结论]体操运动员中普遍存在膳食不平衡的现象,这与膳食对于竞技运动的重要作用相矛盾,这种状况有可能影响训练效果和运动后的恢复,并且最终影响运动能力的提高。[Objective] To survey the situation of Gymnasts＇ meal and understand the Gymnasts nutritional status,so as to provide a scientific basis for making reasonable meal for development of the gymnasts.[Methods] 24 outstanding gymnast（15 men and 9 women） were selected in Sichuan Institute of technology in this research,and food frequency questionnaire was adopted to understand the ＇regular＇ food intake,weighing combined with a 24-hour recall of eatables also used to understand the intake of athletes food and snacks to analyze the relationship between eating behavior and weight control.[Results] The distribution of heat meals of athletes was unreasonable,and breakfast energy intake rate was particularly low.The three athletes＇ intake of nutrients presented high in protein and low in fat.The majority of male athletes＇ intake of vitamins and trace elements had achieved recommended standards,but female athletes＇ intake of vitamins and trace elements were not to recommend standards.Male athletes＇ body fat content was positive correlation with energy,fat and Vitamin A（r = 0.732 8,P﹤0.05）.Female athletes＇ body fat content was positive correlation with energy and Vitamin C（r = 0.684 7,P﹤0.05）.[Conclusion] Dietary imbalance phenomenon showed unbalanced in athletes,and this is contradicted with the important role of diet for sports,this situation may affect the training effectiveness and the recovery after exercise,and ultimately affect the ability to raise campaign.

关 键 词：体操运动员 营养 营养状况 膳食 

分 类 号：R153.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]