青花菜不同器官生物活性物质和营养成分的研究  

Variation of Bioactive Compounds and Nutrients Among Different Organs of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Planck)

作　　者：孙勃[1] 许映君[2] 徐铁锋[1] 袁高峰[1] 郭容芳[1] 汪炳良[1] 汪俏梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学园艺系,农业部园艺植物生长发育与生物技术重点开放实验室,杭州310029 [2]慈溪市农业技术推广中心,浙江慈溪315300

出　　处：《园艺学报》2010年第1期59-64,共6页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家‘863’计划项目(2008AA10Z111);国家自然科学基金项目(30370974);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NECT-05-0516);教育部霍英东基金优选资助课题(104034);教育部博士后科学基金项目(20080441259)

摘　　要：分析了青花菜花球、茎、叶和根中生物活性物质和营养成分组分与含量的差异。结果发现,花球中的总脂肪类、总吲哚类、总芥子油苷以及抗癌活性最强的4-甲基硫氧丁基芥子油苷的含量均显著高于其它器官,根系中苯乙基芥子油苷、4-甲基硫丁基芥子油苷和4-甲氧基-吲哚-3-甲基芥子油苷含量显著高于其它器官;花球中的可溶性蛋白、还原糖和可溶性固形物含量显著高于其它器官;叶片中的多酚、维生素C、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量以及抗氧化能力显著高于其它器官。叶片和根系生物活性物质含量丰富,可加以综合利用。The present study investigated the contents of bioactive compounds and nutrients,as well as antioxidant capacities in heads,stems,leaves and roots of mature broccoli（Brassica oleracea var.italica Planck）plants.The results showed that the heads had the highest amounts of aliphatic glucosinolates,indole glucosinolates,total glucosinolates and glucoraphanin,which was one of the most potential anticarcinogenic glucosinolate identified thus far.The contents of gluconasturtiin,glucoerucin and 4-methoxyglucobrassicin in the roots were remarkably higher than those in the other organs.As for the nutrients,the broccoli heads contained markedly higher concentrations of soluble proteins,reducing sugars and soluble solids than those in the leaves,roots and stems.The highest contents of total phenols,L-ascorbic acid,chlorophyll and carotenoids,as well as antioxidant capacities were observed in leaves,and the significant differences existed between leaves and other organs.The leaves and roots of broccoli,which are rich sources of bioactive components,have great potential for producing health-promoting products and biological pesticides as raw materials.

关 键 词：青花菜 器官 生物活性物质 芥子油苷 营养成分 

分 类 号：S635[农业科学—蔬菜学]