银杏叶黄色素提取及稳定性研究  

Extraction and Stability of Yellow Pigments from Ginkgo biloba Leaves

作　　者：文赤夫[1] 向小奇[1] 刘旋[1] 桂克印[2] 夏凯[1] 杨通[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]吉首大学城乡资源与规划学院,湖南张家界427000

出　　处：《食品科学》2010年第8期43-45,共3页Food Science

基　　金：湖南省教育厅项目(07C529)

摘　　要：为充分利用银杏资源,增加其经济附加值及为寻找新的天然食品着色剂提供依据,从提取剂选择、液料比、提取温度、时间等条件对银杏叶黄色素的提取工艺及色素的耐光、热、pH的稳定性进行研究。结果表明,该色素的石油醚溶液在可见区445nm处有最大吸收;适宜的提取工艺条件为:以乙酸乙酯对石油醚的体积分数为70%的混合溶剂、液料比25:1(mL/g)、提取温度40℃、提取时间30min,以此方法提取4次较为彻底;经初步纯化的得率为3.0%,色价20.49。稳定性研究结果表明,银杏叶黄色素对光不稳定,宜避光保存;该色素在60℃以下加热1h降解率较小,但在70℃加热1h降解率较大;该色素在弱酸和弱碱条件下较稳定。To make full utilization of Ginkgo biloba leaf resource,enhance its added value and provide experimental reference for exploration of natural food colorants,critical parameters affecting extraction of yellow pigments from Ginkgo biloba leaves including extraction solvent kind,liquid/material ratio and extraction time and temperature were investigated by orthogonal array design and the light,temperature and pH stability of the product obtained were evaluated.Results indicated that the pigments dissolved in petroleum ether exhibited a maximum absorption at 445 nm wavelength.Four-time extraction for 30 min each time using a mixture of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether（70：30,V/V） as extraction solvent at 40 ℃ and a liquid/material ratio of 25：1（mL/g） gave an optimal yield of yellow pigments of up to 3.0% and the color value of the products obtained was 20.49.The pigments had poor light stability and consequently should be stored in the dark.After 1 h exposure to a temperature below 60 ℃,a low degradation ratio was observed in the pigments,whereas 1 h exposure to 70 ℃ led to a high degradation ratio.The pigments were stable in acidic and alkine media.

关 键 词：银杏叶 天然色素 提取工艺 稳定性 

分 类 号：Q664.3[生物学—生物物理学]