基于多体动力学的微型客车急转弯侧翻倾向性仿真  

Multi-body dynamics simulations for mini-bus rollover tendency during sharp turns

作　　者：李志刚[1] 沈明[2] 邹猛[1] 张金换[1] 胡经耀[1] 马春生[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学汽车工程系,汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]国家质检总局缺陷产品管理中心,北京100088

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第8期1286-1289,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

摘　　要：微型客车的侧翻事故虽不高,但是伤亡率很高。该文以一款微型客车为基础,建立了多体动力学模型,进行了急转弯稳定性虚拟试验。通过J-turn试验和鱼钩试验(fishhook)分析了方向盘转角与客车侧向加速度、轮胎垂直反力的关系,探讨了侧翻倾向性,估测出在这两种试验条件下微型客车急转弯不侧翻的侧向加速度不宜超过1.0g。通过单因素的仿真试验,揭示了客车结构参数、行驶参数及外部工况对微型客车侧翻倾向性的影响,表明路面附着系数对侧翻倾向性影响最为明显,其他参数也有较大的影响。该研究结果对于微型客车设计改进、风险预测和减少交通事故的发生具有科学意义。Although the incidence of mini-bus rollover accidents is not very high, the fatality rate in such accidents is very high. A multi-body dynamics model was developed to analyze mini-bus dynamics and sharp turn stability. The relationships between the steering wheel angle, lateral acceleration, and tire vertical force were obtained using the J-turn and fish-hook virtual tests. Analysis of the mini-bus rollover shows that the maximum lateral acceleration for which rollover will not occur is 1.0 g for these two simulation conditions. The influences of mini-bus structure, traffic conditions, and external conditions on the rollover tendency were also analyzed in single-factor experiments. The results show that the road adhesion coefficient is the most important parameter with the vehicle＇s center of gravity and other parameters also having some influence on the rollover tendency. These results can be used to improve mini-bus redesigns, improve risk prediction, and reduce the incidence of traffic accidents.

关 键 词：微型客车 侧翻 多体动力学 虚拟试验 

分 类 号：U462.33[机械工程—车辆工程]