糖苷酶与糖基转移酶工程的研究进展  

Reseach on the engineering of glycosidases and glycosyltransferases

作　　者：刘婧[1] 陈启和[1] 章海锋[1] 傅明亮[1] 何国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学食品科学与营养系,浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2010年第8期386-390,共5页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(20806069);浙江省科技计划面上项目(2009C32098)

摘　　要：近年来糖苷酶与糖基转移酶工程在应用于合成和降解多糖结构领域取得了显著进展,其重要发展有通过完全饱和突变改进木聚糖酶耐热性,从一种倒置糖苷酶中首次衍生化获得糖苷合成酶,以及出现一类新的经过改良的能够有效连接硫代糖苷用以合成多糖的糖苷酶;特别是通过随机突变和定向改造方法改进糖苷酶活性的应用增加。虽然糖基转移酶工程研究还处于起始阶段,但是目前基于在结构基础上改变酶底物特异性和在整个细胞内控制糖基转移酶的构象以影响体内糖生物学复杂变化的研究很可能预示着该领域将出现重大的改革浪潮。本文主要综述和展望了糖苷酶和糖基转移酶的最新研究进展。In recent years,substantial advances have been made in the engineering of glycosidases and glycosyltransferases for the synthesis and degradation of glycan structures. Key developments include improvement of the thermostability of xylanase through comprehensive saturation mutagenesis,creation of the first glycosynthase derived from an inverting glycosidase and the emergence of a new class of modified glycosidases capable of efficiently synthesizing thioglycosidic linkages. Of particular note is the increased use of random mutagenesis and directed evolution tactics for tailoring glycosidase activity. Although the engineering of glycosyltransferases is still in its early stages,recent work on the structure-based alteration of substrate specificity and the manipulation of glycosyltransferase profiles in whole cells to effect complex changes in vivo glycobiology probably foreshadows a wave of considerable innovation in this area.

关 键 词：糖苷酶 糖基转移酶 底物特异性 糖工程 分子工程 

分 类 号：Q814[生物学—生物工程]