《菩萨本缘经》撰集者和译者之考辨  

Examination of the Composer and the Translator of the Buddhist Sutra:Pusa Benyuan Jing

作　　者：颜洽茂[1] 熊娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学汉语史研究中心,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2010年第5期55-63,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大资助项目(05JJD740012)

摘　　要：三卷本《菩萨本缘经》题名为僧伽斯那撰、支谦译,但考察此经的著录和僧伽斯那的生平,可知该经的撰集者尚不能确定。通过对经中"地了"、"某甲"、"涅槃"、"摩睺罗伽"、"阿修罗"、"颇梨"等词语以及疑问副词"将非"、疑问语气词"耶"和"乎"、被动句等语法现象的考证,得知该经的翻译者不可能是支谦。此外,该经独特的外在结构也使其在形式上与支谦所有可靠译经有明显区别。综合文献学、语言学、文体结构特点三方面的论证得出如下结论:《菩萨本缘经》的撰集者目前尚无法确知,译者不可能是支谦,其翻译年代应晚于三国时期,可能在西晋之后。It is generally believed that Pusa Benyuan Jing was written by Sengjia Sina and translated by Zhi Qian of the Wu Dynasty. After examining Sengjia Sina＇s life and the circumstances in which this scripture was compiled,however,our finding is that the compiler is uncertain. An analysis of lexical words like ″Diliao″,″Moujia″,″Nirvāna″,″Mahoraga″,″Asura″ and ″Sphatika″,and grammatical features like the interrogative adverbial ″ jiangfei″,the modals ″ye″ and ″hu″,and the passive voice structure shows that the translator is not Zhi Qian. The unique outer structure of the scripture also distinguishes it in form from all the attributed translated scriptures of Zhi Qian. The philological,linguistic and textual features of the scripture support our conclusion that the compiler of this scripture is unknown and the translator is not Zhi Qian,and the translation time should be later than the Wu Dynasty,or probably after the Western Jin Dynasty.

关 键 词：《菩萨本缘经》 汉译佛典 支谦 僧伽斯那 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]