黄瓜采后的预冷处理和包装方式的研究  

Study on Precooling Method and Packing Method for Cucumber after Harvest

作　　者：刘霞[1,2] 刘升[2] 包建强[1] 饶先军[3] 颜丽萍[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,上海201306 [2]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心,北京100097 [3]福建农林大学,福建福州350002

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2010年第10期98-101,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十一五"国家863计划课题(2008AA100803);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划(2009BADB91309-6);上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目(J50704)

摘　　要：试验比较了纸箱和塑料箱包装的黄瓜在常温条件下堆货的产品温度、失重率、感官评价的变化,以及纸箱、塑料箱、纸箱+PE膜、塑料箱+PE膜包装对黄瓜冷库预冷效果的影响,并研究了冷库预冷、差压预冷的预冷效果和不同规格黄瓜差压预冷速度的差别。结果表明:纸箱、塑料箱包装的黄瓜在采后10、14 h时感官评价值均降到4分,必须在此前进行预冷;黄瓜差压预冷时间比冷库预冷时间缩短了40 min,失重率低;大、中、小不同规格的黄瓜达到预冷目标温度10℃的时间分别为110、100、90 min,预冷速率差异大,因此不同规格的黄瓜应分别预冷;4种不同包装的黄瓜中,纸箱对黄瓜差压预冷后失重率较低,预冷速度较快,预冷效果最佳。The changes of temperature,weight loss and sensory evaluation of cucumbers in cardboard boxes and plastic boxes piled at room temperature and the impacts of cardboard boxes,plastic boxes,cartons ＋ PE film and plastic boxes ＋ PE film on cold-room precooling effect of cucumber were compared.Meanwhile,the effects of cold-room precooling and differential pressure precooling and the differences of differential pressure precooling speed among different specifications cucumbers were researched.The results showed that the organoleptic evaluated value of cucumbers packaged by cardboard boxes and plastic boxes all decreased to the four scores 10～14 h after harvest,so the cucumbers need to be precooled before 14 h since harvest;the cucumber using differential pressure precooling method spent 40 min less and had lower weight loss than those using cold-room precooling method;the precooling rate of the small,middle and large cucumbers had huge differences,the spending time that the small,middle and large cucumbers reached precooling target temperature（10℃） were 90 min,100 min and 120 min,respectively,so different specifications cucumbers should be precooled separately;during four packing boxes,the cardboard boxes is the best for the lower weight loss rate and the quicker precooling rate after differential pressure precooling.

关 键 词：黄瓜 堆货 包装 差压预冷 冷库预冷 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]