民国时期殷墟发掘对中国古史研究的影响  

The Influence of Yin Ruins' Excavation during the Republic of China on Research of Ancient Chinese History

作　　者：黄海烈[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学古籍研究所,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《历史教学（下半月）》2010年第11期66-72,共7页History Teaching

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目"顾颉刚与二十世纪中国古史学"(项目批准号:09YJC770024)的阶段性研究成果;吉林大学"985工程"项目资助

摘　　要：1928至1937年间,中央研究院历史语言研究所主持的十五次殷墟发掘工作,大致可以划分为四个阶段,每个阶段都有着各自不同的宗旨与任务。这些田野发掘工作对中国古史研究有着重要的学术影响。从考古学学科发展的层面来看,殷墟发掘决定了新兴考古学的研究取向;完善了田野考古的发掘技术;探索了考古学的基本研究方法;填补了考古学学科建设方面的空白;引领了一代学术研究的风气,带来了巨大的社会反响,为中国近代考古学的建立和发展创造了有利的学术条件与社会环境。从狭义历史学学科发展的层面来看,殷墟发掘有力地证明了考古学成果对具体史实的研究有着验证补充的功能和作用;田野考古是扩充新史料的有效途径和重要方法;更为重要的是,为中国上古史重建寻找到历史与史前史之间相互联结的关键点,开启了中国古史研究的新方向和新领域。The 15th excavation conducted by the Institute of History and Philology from 1928 to 1937 can be divided into four different stages.Different stage has different task and different purpose.These field excavations had great impact on Chinese ancient history.From the aspect of archaeology,Yin Ruins＇ excavation did great contribution to research approach,techniques and basic research method of archaeology.Not only did it fill in the gap of disciplinary construction but also guided new atmosphere of academic research,which had aroused wide social repercussions and created favorable academic and social environment.From the aspect of history,Yin Ruins＇ excavation proved field archaeology to be effective approach and critical method for the enlargement of new historical materials.In addition,the achievement of archaeology played the role of verifying the specific historical facts.What＇s more,it led to the reconstruction of ancient Chinese history,which had found out the connection between history and prehistory and opened up new direction and newfield for the research of Chinese history.

关 键 词：殷墟发掘 古史研究 考古学 狭义历史学 学术影响 

分 类 号：K871[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]