人类学视野的青春期少女反抗理论启示  

An Enlightenment of the Resistance Theory of Adolescent Girls in the Perspective of Anthropology

作　　者：张海钟[1] 焦丽霞[1] 秦积翠[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州城市学院教育学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃高师学报》2010年第6期125-127,共3页Journal of Gansu Normal Colleges

摘　　要：青少年生理心理发展到青春期(11、12岁至17、18岁),生理身体表现出一系列巨大变化,心理行为表现出一系列新特点,心理学家、教育学家称为过度期、叛逆期、反抗期、急风暴雨期、青春骚动期、危机期、转折期、心理断乳期,普遍归因于身体发育的自然成熟。但社会生物学、人类学家则认为,在动物进化过程中,为了种族发展形成许多禁忌,特别是乱伦禁忌,后来这些禁忌本能化和习俗化。习俗之一就是换群。人类和他的祖先猴子、猩猩一样,是女性换群。经过漫长的进化,少女就形成了集体潜意识的青春期换群冲动,到了青春期就反抗家庭父母,极力在外寻找其他家庭(群体)的接纳。这种集体潜意识的换群冲动是青春期少女心理反抗的社会生物学根源。也就是说,生物的性成熟、进化的换群冲动、文化的性约束共同造成了反抗。The physiological and psychological development to adolescence（11,12 to 17,18 years old） of young people,there has been a series of great changes in physical,and a series of new features has been behaved,this phenomenon is known as the transition period,treason,period of rebellion,violent storm period of youth unrest,period of crisis,period of transfer,period of psychological weaning,it is generally attributed to the natural maturation of physical development.However,sociobiology,anthropologists think that in order to the development of race,it evolved into many taboos in the course of animal evolution,especially the incest taboo,and then these taboos conventionalized.One of customs is commutative group.Human is commutative group of women like his ancestor of monkeys and apes.After a long evolution,Teenage girls are promoted to become adolescent impulses of commutative group,and they resist parents and family and try hard to find other families（groups） which can accept them in the age of adolescence.This collective unconsciousness of adolescent impulses of commutative group is sociobiology roots of psychological resistance of adolescent girls.In other words,biological sexual maturity impulses of commutative group in evolution,cultural constraints on the sex led to resistance.

关 键 词：人类学 青春期 反抗理论 教育 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]