文字是幼儿图画书自主阅读中的关键信息吗?——来自幼儿在文字和主角上注视的眼动比较研究  

Do Words Convey Key Information for Young Children During Their Independent Picture-book Reading?——a Comparative Study of Young Children's Eye Movement over Words and Main Characters

作　　者：刘宝根[1,2] 周兢[1] 李林慧[1] 高晓妹[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学学前教育与特殊教育学院,上海200062 [2]安徽师范大学教育科学学院,芜湖241000

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2011年第1期80-86,共7页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(07JJDXLX264);华东师范大学优秀博士研究生培养基金项目(2010010)的部分研究成果;安徽师范大学教育科学学院青年教师科研资助计划资助

摘　　要：文字意识是指有关文字形式和功能的内隐或外显意识,已有典型亲子阅读情境中的眼动研究发现儿童很少、甚至没有关注文字。研究收集了121名4-6岁儿童在图画书自主阅读情境中对文字和主角注视的眼动,分析结果证实了自主阅读情境中儿童比亲子阅读情境中更早、更多地注视文字。4-6岁儿童在主角上的注视随着年龄的增长在眼动指标上表现为不断优化,在文字上的注视随着年龄的增长不断发展,但还未达到成熟水平。5-6岁是儿童图画书自主阅读过程中文字视觉注视水平发展的重要时期。儿童的文字视觉注视能力的发展存在性别差异。Print awareness refers to an individual＇ s implicit or explicit awareness of word forms and func- tions. According to the study of eye movement in a typical parent-child reading situation, a child pays little or even no attention to the words when reading a picture-book. ]]lis study, by choosing a total of 121 children aged 4 to 6 to test their eye movement over words and main characters in an independent picture-book reading situ ation, shows that the children pay more attention to words in an independent reading situation than in a parent child reading situation, and that they optimize their eye movement over main characters and eonemntly develop their attention on words as they grow older. At the age of 5-6, the children will reach an important period of developing their attention on words during their independent picture-book reading. However, there is a gender difference in the development of their attention on words.

关 键 词：文字意识 自主阅读 文字 主角 关键信息 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]