两种大型真菌菌丝体对重金属的耐受和富集特性  

Growth tolerance and accumulation characteristics of the mycelia of two macrofungi species to heavy metals

作　　者：李维焕[1] 于兰兰[2] 程显好[1] 陈敬丹[3] 董洪新[1] 图力古尔[1] 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学菌物科学与技术研究院,烟台264025 [2]吉林农业大学食品科学与工程学院,长春130118 [3]鲁东大学生命科学学院,烟台264025

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第5期1240-1248,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：山东省"泰山学者"建设工程专项经费(鲁发[2003]20号);山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金计划(BS2010NY005);鲁东大学引进人才博士基金项目(LY2010003)

摘　　要：用平板培养法检测大型真菌秀珍菇和猪肚菇菌丝体对重金属铬、铅和锰的耐受及富集特性。分别测定了3种重金属不同浓度处理下秀珍菇和猪肚菇的菌落直径、菌丝体干重和菌丝体中的重金属含量。结果表明:秀珍菇和猪肚菇菌丝体对Cr的耐受特性和耐受能力相当,二者的菌落直径和菌丝体干重均随Cr处理浓度的增加先升高后降低,生长抑制率为50%的Cr浓度都约为200 mg/L,对铬的最大耐受浓度都为500 mg/L。秀珍菇菌丝体对Pb敏感,100 mg/L的Pb即可极显著的抑制秀珍菇菌丝的生长,而猪肚菇则直到500 mg/L的Pb,菌丝体的生长都未受显著影响;二者生长抑制率为50%的Pb浓度分别为100 mg/L和700 mg/L,最大耐受浓度分别为1000 mg/L和2000 mg/L;因此,猪肚菇对Pb的耐受能力比秀珍菇强。秀珍菇不耐锰,而猪肚菇对锰表现出相对较高的耐受能力,生长抑制率为50%的Mn浓度约为1000 mg/L,最大耐受能力为6000 mg/L。秀珍菇菌丝体对Cr和Pb、猪肚菇菌丝体对Cr和Mn均没有达到超富集。但猪肚菇菌丝体中Pb的含量可达1125.56 mg/kg(干重),达到超富集水平,暗示猪肚菇可能是铅超富集大型真菌。Remediating soil contaminated with heavy metals using macrofungi is a novel approach in studying environmental remediation.The key issue in bring this approach into large-scale practical application lies in the success of screening out a series of ideal hyperaccumulators of heavy metals. Plate cultivation was adopted to evaluate the mycelial growth tolerance and the accumulation characteristics to heavy metals Cr,Pb and Mn respectively in two species of macrofungi,Pleurotus pulmonarius and Panus giganteus,in terms of colony diameter,mycelial dry weight and heavy metal content in mycelia.The results showed that the Cr tolerance in the two species were similar.The diameter of the colonies and the dry weight of the mycelia in the two species showed an initial increase with the increase in Cr concentration in the substrate in a small range of low Cr concentrations,but followed by a steady decrease when the Cr concentration was progressively increased.The threshold Cr concentration for 50% growth inhibition was 200 mg/L for both species.The maximal tolerant concentrations（MTC） of Cr for them were all 500 mg/L.P.pulmonarius was very sensitive to Pb and the mycelial growth could be significantly inhibited,with the 50% growth inhibition appearing at a Pb concentration of 100 mg/L（P0.01）.In contrast,P.giganteus showed a very high tolerance to Pb,being able to grow normally in substrate containing Pb of up to 500 mg/L in concentration.In terms of colony diameter and mycelial dry weight,no significant difference（P0.05） was seen between the group treated with 500 mg/L Pb and the control group,with the 50% growth inhibition occurring at a Pb concentration of 700 mg/L.The Pb MTCs were 1000 mg/L and 2000 mg/L for P.pulmonarius and P.giganteus,respectively.It is therefore concluded that P.giganteus has a higher tolerance to Pb than P.pulmonarius.Mn showed increasing inhibition effects on the growth of P.giganteus with increasing Mn concentrations,and the 50% growth reduction was observed at a Mn concentration of 1000

关 键 词：大型真菌 秀珍菇 猪肚菇 平板培养 重金属耐受 超富集 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]