客车车轮型面的多目标优化设计模型研究  

Research on the Multi-Objective Optimization Design Model of Wheel Profile for Railway Passenger Car

作　　者：成棣[1] 王成国[1] 刘金朝[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院基础设施检测研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2011年第2期77-84,共8页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家"八六三"计划项目(2009BAG12A01-B08-2);铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2008J008-B)

摘　　要：分别以与轮轨磨耗指数、临界速度和轮轨横向力相关的3个函数为目标函数,以圆弧型车轮型面的圆弧半径和圆心坐标为设计变量,以Nadal脱轨系数最大值不超过GB 5599—85标准规定的1.0、轮轨最大接触应力不超过车轮材料剪切强度3倍和车轮滚动接触疲劳因子小于0的要求为约束条件,给出了铁路客车车轮型面的多目标优化模型。以欧洲ERRI 200 km.h-1标准客车为例,利用铁道车辆动力学仿真软件ADAMS.2005/Rail建立铁路客车动力学模型,并用给出的型面优化模型对其LMa车轮型面进行多目标优化设计,结果表明,踏面型面优化后的车辆临界速度提高约50%,车辆通过曲线时的轮轨磨耗指数下降约12%。A new multi-objective optimization design model of wheel profile was constructed, with three Junctions of the wheel/rail wear, the critical speed and the wheel/rail lateral force respectively as the objective functions, with the arc radius and the center coordinate of the arc-type wheel profile as the design variables, and with the engineering requirements which included Nadal derailment coefficient less than 1.0 described in code GB 5599-85, the maximum contact stress less than 3 times of the pure shear strength of the wheel materials and wheel rolling contact fatigue index less than 0 as the constraint conditions. ERRI 200 km·h^-1 standard passenger car was chosen as an example and its dynamic model was constructed by means of railway vehicle dynamics simulation software ADAMS. 2005/Rail. The multi-objective optimization design on LMa profile was implemented using the profile optimization model constructed in this paper. The optimal results show that the critical speed of vehicle equipped with optimal wheel profile increases 500//00 and the wheel/rail wear index reduces 12% at negotiating the curved track.

关 键 词：轮轨关系 车轮型面 多目标优化模型 临界速度 磨耗指数 轮轨横向力 

分 类 号：U271.033[机械工程—车辆工程]