中国情境中的上下级关系构念研究述评——兼论领导——成员交换理论的本土贴切性  

Reviews on the Research of Supervisor-subordinate Relationship in Chinese Context: Leader-Member Exchange and Supervisor-Subordinate Guanxi

作　　者：郭晓薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海对外贸易学院工商管理学院

出　　处：《南开管理评论》2011年第2期61-68,共8页Nankai Business Review

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(10YJCXLX012)资助

摘　　要：作为组织动力学的核心课题,上下级关系研究在关系导向和权威导向的中国文化中具有较强的现实意义,也正日益成为学界的研究热点。目前文献对上下级关系的研究存在构念上的分歧,表现为客位构念"领导-成员交换"(Leader-Member Exchange, LMX)和主位构念"上下级关系"(Supervisor-subordinate Guanxi,SSG)的分歧,以及对主位构念SSG的不同界定。在文献梳理和理论分析的基础上,本文提出:(1)中国情境中的上下级关系与LMX所描述的关系在关系形态和交换原则上存在本质差异,故需加强主位构念SSG的研究;(2)现存分歧较大的三种SSG构念各有侧重,有必要建立更具整合性的SSG构念;(3)多维度构念的剖面模型及在此基础上的原型分类适用于建立整合的SSG构念。Supervisor-subordinate relationship is an important research topic in the field of organizational dynamics and leadership. It has more practical significance under Chinese culture distinguished with relationship-orientation and authority-orientation. Among the research focused on supervisor-subordinate relationship in Chinese context, there exists some discrepancies on the supervisor-subor dinate relationship construct： （1） etic or emic approach construct, as leader-member exchange （LMX） versus supervisor-subordinate guanxi（SSG）; （2） different definitions to the emic construct SSG.. Base on the literature reviewing and theoretical analysis, the neces- sity of the emic approach to explore the construct of supervisor- subordinate relationship was disclosed by comparing the difference of the relationship nature and the reciprocal principle between LMX theory and what it is in real life of Chinese context. It was pointed that the nature of LMX is contractual relationship, whereas Chinese supervisor-subordinate relationship is the mix of contractual rela- tionship and identity relationship; the reciprocal principle of LMX is equal-treatment principle, whereas it is renqing （favor） principle in Chinese supervisor-subordinate relationship. Then three main schools of SSG construct were reviewed, involving perspectives from guanxi base, from instrumental exchange, and from the similarity to family members. Each of these definitions to supervisor-subordinate guanxi has its own concerns, but all of them fail to describe the whole picture of supervisor-subordinate interaction in Chinese context. At last, the suggestions for future research on the field were given： （1） the ~mic approach to supervisor-subordinate construct should be strengthened; （2） a more integrated SSG construct should be established; （3） the multi-dimension profile model and prototype classification adapt to establishing the integrated SSG construct. The current paper is one of the few literatures to review and ana

关 键 词：中国情境 领导—成员交换 上下级关系 

分 类 号：F272.92[经济管理—企业管理]