由“君子”“小人”到“中民”“公民”  

From "Superior-man" and "Inferior-man" to "Ordinary Person" and "Citizen"

作　　者：于洪波[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学教育学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第3期164-171,共8页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：全国教育科学"十一五"规划2009年度国家一般课题(BAA090010)

摘　　要："君子"与"小人"是孔子在春秋晚期提出的一对评判道德善恶的人格原型。尽管这一原型被历代儒学家们赋予了不同的时代含义,但是孔子所赋予它的基本内涵,诸如"性相近"的人性设定、"以义为上"的义利观、"外礼内仁"的道德自觉性、"士志于道"的终极价值诉求等特征,却始终贯穿如一。若从现代道德权利与义务统一的视角予以审视,原始儒家关于"君子—小人"的传统人格内涵,在经过合理扬弃的基础上或许会转换为养成现代"中民"和"公民"德性的有利资源。＂Superior-man＂ and ＂inferior-man＂ as a pair of evaluation norms of moral personality prototype was put forward in the late Spring and Autumn Period by Confucius. Although this prototype is endowed with different meaning by Confucian scholars in different historical times, but the original connotation given by Confhcius, such as, the hypothesis of ＂similar human nature＂, ＂deontology as foremost＂ in right and duty relationship, the moral consciousness of ＂outward behavior etiquette subordinate to inward benevolence＂, the ultimate virtue appeal of ＂intellectuals＇ doctrine aspire＂, has been mn through similarly to present. Confucius＇ traditional personality connotation, if reviewed from the contemporary point of moral right and duty, might be transformed into favorable resources in the virtue cultivation of modem ＂ordinary person＂ and ＂citizen＂ through reasonable sublation.

关 键 词：儒学 君子 小人 中民 公民 道德人格 

分 类 号：B222.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B848