玄言诗与山水诗的同质异构性——以魏晋清谈为考察场域  

The Same Essence and Different Form Between Xuanyan Poetry and Landscape Poetry——An Analysis Based on the Pure Conversations in Wei Jin Dynasty

作　　者：唐爱明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学文学院,四川南充637009

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第3期15-21,共7页Journal of China West Normal University:Philosophy & Social Sciences

基　　金：教育部青年基金项目(10YJC751079);四川省教育厅重点项目(09SA88)

摘　　要：魏晋玄言诗和山水诗之关系并不像传统所谓的"山水诗是从玄言诗蜕变而来。"如此看法是因片面理解"庄老告退,山水方滋"的具体含义之结果。若以魏晋清谈为考察场域,二者在本质上是相同的,皆是玄学清谈内容的书面体现,即刘勰所谓"因谈余气,流成文体"。二者是同时存在的,具有同质异构性。同质性即二者皆为"谈玄悟道"之结晶,无论是创作主体、创作目的、还是创作环境,都具有同一性。其异构性主要表现在:1.山水诗以具体形象"山水媚道",玄言诗以抽象概念"以理证道";2.山水诗情、景、理三合一,玄言诗纯理性客观说理;3.二者叙事、写景、说理在诗中比例有别。由于山水诗的文学功能符合了中国人重感性、重主观、重传统的民族心理特点,其最后完全挤走曾经共存过的玄言诗也是必然的了。Xuanyan Poetry is not a transformation of lardscape poetry,which is a traditional view.From an analysis based on Wei-Jin Pure Conversation,we can conclude that they are both the writing forms of Pure Conversations and have no different essence between them.As far as the creative body,creative intention or creative environment are concerned,the identity has no distinction.However,the three main different forms are obvious.Firstly,landscape poetry stresses specific and vivid images,while Xuanyan Poem is mostly made up of the abstract conception.Secondly,landscape poetry contains emotion,scenery and philosophy,which is an organic unity.while Xuanyan Poetry is pure objective argument.Thirdly,the proportion of the narration and landscape and argument between them has obvious difference.Historically,the substitute of Xuanyan poetry for landscop poetry is a tendency because of Chinese people＇s perceptual thinking.

关 键 词：魏晋清谈 析理 玄言诗 山水诗 同质异构 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]