不同颜色遮阳网遮光对丘陵茶园夏秋茶和春茶产量及主要生化成分的影响  

Effects of colour shading on the yield and main biochemical components of summer-autumn tea and spring tea in a hilly tea field

作　　者：秦志敏[1,2] 付晓青[1] 肖润林[1] 黎星辉[1,2] 王玉花[2] 徐华勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙410125 [2]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第16期4509-4516,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家支撑计划重点项目(2009BADC6B05-2);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-EW-B-1);外国专家局项目(20100491005-8);广西区科技计划(桂科合0992031-20);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-23)

摘　　要：为研究不同颜色遮阳网遮光对夏秋茶与春茶产量和品质的影响,在中国科学院桃源农业生态试验站以"碧香早"茶树为试验材料,选用不遮光和中度遮光(遮光率(50±3)%)的黑色、绿色、银白色遮阳网开展遮光试验。试验表明:与对照相比,不同季节茶园经遮光后百芽重、芽密度均高于对照茶园。百芽重夏秋季黑色和绿色处理与对照间差异显著,分别比对照高10.21%、6.07%,春季黑色、绿色和银白色处理均显著高于对照,分别比对照高4.29%、11.11%、5.30%。芽密度夏秋季黑色与对照间差异显著,比对照高7.40%,春季黑色、绿色、银白色处理均显著高于对照,分别比对照高32.47%、31.50%、22.28%;在不同季节茶园遮光后可增加新梢含水率,但与对照间无显著差异;遮光可降低水浸出物含量,不同遮光处理间无明显规律性;夏秋季节茶园应用黑色和绿色遮阳网,春季应用3种颜色遮阳网遮光可增加茶叶游离氨基酸和咖啡碱含量,降低茶多酚含量和酚氨比。与对照茶园相比,夏季、秋季、春季黑色遮阳网处理的氨基酸含量与对照间差异显著,分别比对照高14.22%、17.07%、6.23%;夏秋季节不同遮阳网处理的茶多酚含量与对照间差异性不显著,春季黑色和绿色处理的茶多酚含量与对照间差异性显著,分别比对照低27.66%、19.21%;夏季黑色处理的酚氨比显著低于对照,比对照低16.40%,秋季和春季黑色和绿色处理的酚氨比均与对照间差异显著,秋季黑色和绿色处理分别比对照低20.13%、11.79%,春季分别比对照低31.82%、20.55%;不同季节黑色遮光处理的咖啡碱含量与对照间达到显著性差异,夏季、秋季、春季黑色处理的咖啡碱含量分别比对照高9.48%、8.10%、7.28%。试验结果说明夏秋季节应用黑色和绿色遮光设施,春季应用3种颜色的遮光设施均可有效改善丘陵茶园绿茶品质,不同季节黑色遮阳网遮光均显著增加名优绿茶�In order to understand the influence of shading colors on the quality of summer-autumn tea and spring tea,three shading screens with different colours（black,green and silver）（BSS,GSS and SSS） at a moderate shading intensity（50±3）% and non-shading control（CK） were set up in a tea field（Camellia Sinensis,cv.Bixiangzao） at the Taoyuan Station of Agro-ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.The results indicated that 100-bud weight and bud density increased in all treatments of shade colours during different seasons.In comparison with the CK treatment,100-bud weights in summer-autumn were significantly improved in BSS and GSS by 10.2%,6.1%,respectively,while 100-bud weights in spring increased significantly by 4.3%,11.1% and 5.3% under BSS,GSS and SSS,respectively.For the bud density,it was significantly higher than that of CK by 7.4% under BSS in summer-autumn and by 32.5%,31.5% and 22.3% under BSS,GSS,and SSS in spring,respectively.With shading,the shoot water content of tea plants was increased in different seasons,but such shoot water increase was not significant over CK.Compared with CK,the tea water extractants under the shading screens were decreased,but there was no significant difference between the treatments.The use of the BSS and the GSS in summer-autumn and all shadings in spring increased the contents of amino acids（AA） and caffeine in tea leaves,while it reduced the polyphenol（TP） content and the TP/AA ratio.The treatment of BSS significantly increased the AA content by 14.2%,17.1% and 6.2% in summer,autumn and spring,respectively.The effect of shading on the TP content was not significant in summer and autumn,but the treatments of BSS and GSS decreased the TP content by 27.7% and 19.2% in spring,respectively.BSS significantly decreased the TP/AA ratio by 16.4% over CK in summer,while BSS and GSS reduced the TP/AA ratio significantly by 20.1% and 11.8% in autumn,and 31.8% and 20.6% in spring,respectively.In comparison with the CK treatment,the theine content significantly incre

关 键 词：茶园 生态管理 夏秋茶 春茶 遮光 产量 生化成分 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]